diff --git a/internal/core/api_test.go b/internal/core/api_test.go
index 36128ad0..d6c5762e 100644
--- a/internal/core/api_test.go
+++ b/internal/core/api_test.go
@@ -578,7 +578,7 @@ func TestAPIProtocolList(t *testing.T) {
 				err = conn.InitializeClient(u, true)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
-				err = conn.WriteTracks(testFormatH264, nil)
+				_, err = rtmp.NewWriter(conn, testFormatH264, nil)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 				time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
@@ -833,7 +833,7 @@ func TestAPIProtocolGet(t *testing.T) {
 				err = conn.InitializeClient(u, true)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
-				err = conn.WriteTracks(testFormatH264, nil)
+				_, err = rtmp.NewWriter(conn, testFormatH264, nil)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 				time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
@@ -1155,7 +1155,7 @@ func TestAPIProtocolKick(t *testing.T) {
 				err = conn.InitializeClient(u, true)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
-				err = conn.WriteTracks(testFormatH264, nil)
+				_, err = rtmp.NewWriter(conn, testFormatH264, nil)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 			case "webrtc":
diff --git a/internal/core/metrics_test.go b/internal/core/metrics_test.go
index 245bc0bd..3a980f6a 100644
--- a/internal/core/metrics_test.go
+++ b/internal/core/metrics_test.go
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@ webrtc_sessions_bytes_sent 0
 		PacketizationMode: 1,
 	}
 
-	err = conn.WriteTracks(videoTrack, nil)
+	_, err = rtmp.NewWriter(conn, videoTrack, nil)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
 	time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
diff --git a/internal/core/rtmp_conn.go b/internal/core/rtmp_conn.go
index 16bf8dc2..2ad03352 100644
--- a/internal/core/rtmp_conn.go
+++ b/internal/core/rtmp_conn.go
@@ -13,20 +13,16 @@ import (
 	"github.com/bluenviron/gortsplib/v3/pkg/formats"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/gortsplib/v3/pkg/media"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/gortsplib/v3/pkg/ringbuffer"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/av1"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/h264"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/mpeg2audio"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/mpeg4audio"
 	"github.com/google/uuid"
-	"github.com/notedit/rtmp/format/flv/flvio"
 
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/conf"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/externalcmd"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/formatprocessor"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/logger"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/h264conf"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/stream"
 )
 
@@ -42,158 +38,6 @@ func pathNameAndQuery(inURL *url.URL) (string, url.Values, string) {
 	return pathName, ur.Query(), ur.RawQuery
 }
 
-type rtmpWriteFunc func(msg interface{}) error
-
-func getRTMPWriteFunc(medi *media.Media, format formats.Format, stream *stream.Stream) rtmpWriteFunc {
-	switch format.(type) {
-	case *formats.H264:
-		return func(msg interface{}) error {
-			tmsg := msg.(*message.Video)
-
-			switch tmsg.Type {
-			case message.VideoTypeConfig:
-				var conf h264conf.Conf
-				err := conf.Unmarshal(tmsg.Payload)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unable to parse H264 config: %v", err)
-				}
-
-				au := [][]byte{
-					conf.SPS,
-					conf.PPS,
-				}
-
-				stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitH264{
-					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-						NTP: time.Now(),
-					},
-					PTS: tmsg.DTS + tmsg.PTSDelta,
-					AU:  au,
-				})
-
-			case message.VideoTypeAU:
-				au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(tmsg.Payload)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
-				}
-
-				stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitH264{
-					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-						NTP: time.Now(),
-					},
-					PTS: tmsg.DTS + tmsg.PTSDelta,
-					AU:  au,
-				})
-			}
-
-			return nil
-		}
-
-	case *formats.H265:
-		return func(msg interface{}) error {
-			switch tmsg := msg.(type) {
-			case *message.Video:
-				au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(tmsg.Payload)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
-				}
-
-				stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitH265{
-					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-						NTP: time.Now(),
-					},
-					PTS: tmsg.DTS + tmsg.PTSDelta,
-					AU:  au,
-				})
-
-			case *message.ExtendedFramesX:
-				au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(tmsg.Payload)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
-				}
-
-				stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitH265{
-					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-						NTP: time.Now(),
-					},
-					PTS: tmsg.DTS,
-					AU:  au,
-				})
-
-			case *message.ExtendedCodedFrames:
-				au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(tmsg.Payload)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
-				}
-
-				stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitH265{
-					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-						NTP: time.Now(),
-					},
-					PTS: tmsg.DTS + tmsg.PTSDelta,
-					AU:  au,
-				})
-			}
-
-			return nil
-		}
-
-	case *formats.AV1:
-		return func(msg interface{}) error {
-			if tmsg, ok := msg.(*message.ExtendedCodedFrames); ok {
-				obus, err := av1.BitstreamUnmarshal(tmsg.Payload, true)
-				if err != nil {
-					return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode bitstream: %v", err)
-				}
-
-				stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitAV1{
-					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-						NTP: time.Now(),
-					},
-					PTS:  tmsg.DTS,
-					OBUs: obus,
-				})
-			}
-
-			return nil
-		}
-
-	case *formats.MPEG2Audio:
-		return func(msg interface{}) error {
-			tmsg := msg.(*message.Audio)
-
-			stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitMPEG2Audio{
-				BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-					NTP: time.Now(),
-				},
-				PTS:    tmsg.DTS,
-				Frames: [][]byte{tmsg.Payload},
-			})
-
-			return nil
-		}
-
-	case *formats.MPEG4Audio:
-		return func(msg interface{}) error {
-			tmsg := msg.(*message.Audio)
-
-			if tmsg.AACType == message.AudioAACTypeAU {
-				stream.WriteUnit(medi, format, &formatprocessor.UnitMPEG4AudioGeneric{
-					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
-						NTP: time.Now(),
-					},
-					PTS: tmsg.DTS,
-					AUs: [][]byte{tmsg.Payload},
-				})
-			}
-
-			return nil
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
-
 type rtmpConnState int
 
 const (
@@ -209,7 +53,7 @@ type rtmpConnPathManager interface {
 
 type rtmpConnParent interface {
 	logger.Writer
-	connClose(*rtmpConn)
+	closeConn(*rtmpConn)
 }
 
 type rtmpConn struct {
@@ -322,36 +166,32 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) run() {
 		}()
 	}
 
-	ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(c.ctx)
-	runErr := make(chan error)
-	go func() {
-		runErr <- c.runInner(ctx)
+	err := func() error {
+		readerErr := make(chan error)
+		go func() {
+			readerErr <- c.runReader()
+		}()
+
+		select {
+		case err := <-readerErr:
+			c.nconn.Close()
+			return err
+
+		case <-c.ctx.Done():
+			c.nconn.Close()
+			<-readerErr
+			return errors.New("terminated")
+		}
 	}()
 
-	var err error
-	select {
-	case err = <-runErr:
-		cancel()
-
-	case <-c.ctx.Done():
-		cancel()
-		<-runErr
-		err = errors.New("terminated")
-	}
-
 	c.ctxCancel()
 
-	c.parent.connClose(c)
+	c.parent.closeConn(c)
 
 	c.Log(logger.Info, "closed (%v)", err)
 }
 
-func (c *rtmpConn) runInner(ctx context.Context) error {
-	go func() {
-		<-ctx.Done()
-		c.nconn.Close()
-	}()
-
+func (c *rtmpConn) runReader() error {
 	c.nconn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(c.readTimeout)))
 	c.nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(c.writeTimeout)))
 	u, publish, err := c.conn.InitializeServer()
@@ -360,12 +200,12 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) runInner(ctx context.Context) error {
 	}
 
 	if !publish {
-		return c.runRead(ctx, u)
+		return c.runRead(u)
 	}
 	return c.runPublish(u)
 }
 
-func (c *rtmpConn) runRead(ctx context.Context, u *url.URL) error {
+func (c *rtmpConn) runRead(u *url.URL) error {
 	pathName, query, rawQuery := pathNameAndQuery(u)
 
 	res := c.pathManager.readerAdd(pathReaderAddReq{
@@ -399,22 +239,32 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) runRead(ctx context.Context, u *url.URL) error {
 
 	ringBuffer, _ := ringbuffer.New(uint64(c.readBufferCount))
 	go func() {
-		<-ctx.Done()
+		<-c.ctx.Done()
 		ringBuffer.Close()
 	}()
 
 	var medias media.Medias
 	videoFirstIDRFound := false
 	var videoStartDTS time.Duration
+	var w *rtmp.Writer
 
-	videoMedia, videoFormat := c.findVideoFormat(res.stream, ringBuffer,
-		&videoFirstIDRFound, &videoStartDTS)
+	videoMedia, videoFormat := c.setupVideo(
+		&w,
+		res.stream,
+		ringBuffer,
+		&videoFirstIDRFound,
+		&videoStartDTS)
 	if videoMedia != nil {
 		medias = append(medias, videoMedia)
 	}
 
-	audioMedia, audioFormat := c.findAudioFormat(res.stream, ringBuffer,
-		videoFormat, &videoFirstIDRFound, &videoStartDTS)
+	audioMedia, audioFormat := c.setupAudio(
+		&w,
+		res.stream,
+		ringBuffer,
+		videoFormat,
+		&videoFirstIDRFound,
+		&videoStartDTS)
 	if audioFormat != nil {
 		medias = append(medias, audioMedia)
 	}
@@ -447,7 +297,8 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) runRead(ctx context.Context, u *url.URL) error {
 		}()
 	}
 
-	err := c.conn.WriteTracks(videoFormat, audioFormat)
+	var err error
+	w, err = rtmp.NewWriter(c.conn, videoFormat, audioFormat)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -468,15 +319,19 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) runRead(ctx context.Context, u *url.URL) error {
 	}
 }
 
-func (c *rtmpConn) findVideoFormat(stream *stream.Stream, ringBuffer *ringbuffer.RingBuffer,
-	videoFirstIDRFound *bool, videoStartDTS *time.Duration,
+func (c *rtmpConn) setupVideo(
+	w **rtmp.Writer,
+	stream *stream.Stream,
+	ringBuffer *ringbuffer.RingBuffer,
+	videoFirstIDRFound *bool,
+	videoStartDTS *time.Duration,
 ) (*media.Media, formats.Format) {
 	var videoFormatH264 *formats.H264
 	videoMedia := stream.Medias().FindFormat(&videoFormatH264)
 
 	if videoFormatH264 != nil {
-		videoStartPTSFilled := false
-		var videoStartPTS time.Duration
+		startPTSFilled := false
+		var startPTS time.Duration
 		var videoDTSExtractor *h264.DTSExtractor
 
 		stream.AddReader(c, videoMedia, videoFormatH264, func(unit formatprocessor.Unit) {
@@ -487,11 +342,11 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findVideoFormat(stream *stream.Stream, ringBuffer *ringbuffer
 					return nil
 				}
 
-				if !videoStartPTSFilled {
-					videoStartPTSFilled = true
-					videoStartPTS = tunit.PTS
+				if !startPTSFilled {
+					startPTSFilled = true
+					startPTS = tunit.PTS
 				}
-				pts := tunit.PTS - videoStartPTS
+				pts := tunit.PTS - startPTS
 
 				idrPresent := false
 				nonIDRPresent := false
@@ -542,27 +397,8 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findVideoFormat(stream *stream.Stream, ringBuffer *ringbuffer
 					pts -= *videoStartDTS
 				}
 
-				avcc, err := h264.AVCCMarshal(tunit.AU)
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-
 				c.nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(c.writeTimeout)))
-				err = c.conn.WriteMessage(&message.Video{
-					ChunkStreamID:   message.VideoChunkStreamID,
-					MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-					Codec:           message.CodecH264,
-					IsKeyFrame:      idrPresent,
-					Type:            message.VideoTypeAU,
-					Payload:         avcc,
-					DTS:             dts,
-					PTSDelta:        pts - dts,
-				})
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-
-				return nil
+				return (*w).WriteH264(pts, dts, idrPresent, tunit.AU)
 			})
 		})
 
@@ -572,7 +408,8 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findVideoFormat(stream *stream.Stream, ringBuffer *ringbuffer
 	return nil, nil
 }
 
-func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
+func (c *rtmpConn) setupAudio(
+	w **rtmp.Writer,
 	stream *stream.Stream,
 	ringBuffer *ringbuffer.RingBuffer,
 	videoFormat formats.Format,
@@ -583,8 +420,8 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 	audioMedia := stream.Medias().FindFormat(&audioFormatMPEG4Generic)
 
 	if audioMedia != nil {
-		audioStartPTSFilled := false
-		var audioStartPTS time.Duration
+		startPTSFilled := false
+		var startPTS time.Duration
 
 		stream.AddReader(c, audioMedia, audioFormatMPEG4Generic, func(unit formatprocessor.Unit) {
 			ringBuffer.Push(func() error {
@@ -594,11 +431,11 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 					return nil
 				}
 
-				if !audioStartPTSFilled {
-					audioStartPTSFilled = true
-					audioStartPTS = tunit.PTS
+				if !startPTSFilled {
+					startPTSFilled = true
+					startPTS = tunit.PTS
 				}
-				pts := tunit.PTS - audioStartPTS
+				pts := tunit.PTS - startPTS
 
 				if videoFormat != nil {
 					if !*videoFirstIDRFound {
@@ -613,18 +450,11 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 
 				for i, au := range tunit.AUs {
 					c.nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(c.writeTimeout)))
-					err := c.conn.WriteMessage(&message.Audio{
-						ChunkStreamID:   message.AudioChunkStreamID,
-						MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-						Codec:           message.CodecMPEG4Audio,
-						Rate:            flvio.SOUND_44Khz,
-						Depth:           flvio.SOUND_16BIT,
-						Channels:        flvio.SOUND_STEREO,
-						AACType:         message.AudioAACTypeAU,
-						Payload:         au,
-						DTS: pts + time.Duration(i)*mpeg4audio.SamplesPerAccessUnit*
+					err := (*w).WriteMPEG4Audio(
+						pts+time.Duration(i)*mpeg4audio.SamplesPerAccessUnit*
 							time.Second/time.Duration(audioFormatMPEG4Generic.ClockRate()),
-					})
+						au,
+					)
 					if err != nil {
 						return err
 					}
@@ -644,8 +474,8 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 		audioFormatMPEG4AudioLATM.Config != nil &&
 		len(audioFormatMPEG4AudioLATM.Config.Programs) == 1 &&
 		len(audioFormatMPEG4AudioLATM.Config.Programs[0].Layers) == 1 {
-		audioStartPTSFilled := false
-		var audioStartPTS time.Duration
+		startPTSFilled := false
+		var startPTS time.Duration
 
 		stream.AddReader(c, audioMedia, audioFormatMPEG4AudioLATM, func(unit formatprocessor.Unit) {
 			ringBuffer.Push(func() error {
@@ -655,11 +485,11 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 					return nil
 				}
 
-				if !audioStartPTSFilled {
-					audioStartPTSFilled = true
-					audioStartPTS = tunit.PTS
+				if !startPTSFilled {
+					startPTSFilled = true
+					startPTS = tunit.PTS
 				}
-				pts := tunit.PTS - audioStartPTS
+				pts := tunit.PTS - startPTS
 
 				if videoFormat != nil {
 					if !*videoFirstIDRFound {
@@ -673,22 +503,7 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 				}
 
 				c.nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(c.writeTimeout)))
-				err := c.conn.WriteMessage(&message.Audio{
-					ChunkStreamID:   message.AudioChunkStreamID,
-					MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-					Codec:           message.CodecMPEG4Audio,
-					Rate:            flvio.SOUND_44Khz,
-					Depth:           flvio.SOUND_16BIT,
-					Channels:        flvio.SOUND_STEREO,
-					AACType:         message.AudioAACTypeAU,
-					Payload:         tunit.AU,
-					DTS:             pts,
-				})
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-
-				return nil
+				return (*w).WriteMPEG4Audio(pts, tunit.AU)
 			})
 		})
 
@@ -699,18 +514,18 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 	audioMedia = stream.Medias().FindFormat(&audioFormatMPEG2)
 
 	if audioMedia != nil {
-		audioStartPTSFilled := false
-		var audioStartPTS time.Duration
+		startPTSFilled := false
+		var startPTS time.Duration
 
 		stream.AddReader(c, audioMedia, audioFormatMPEG2, func(unit formatprocessor.Unit) {
 			ringBuffer.Push(func() error {
 				tunit := unit.(*formatprocessor.UnitMPEG2Audio)
 
-				if !audioStartPTSFilled {
-					audioStartPTSFilled = true
-					audioStartPTS = tunit.PTS
+				if !startPTSFilled {
+					startPTSFilled = true
+					startPTS = tunit.PTS
 				}
-				pts := tunit.PTS - audioStartPTS
+				pts := tunit.PTS - startPTS
 
 				if videoFormat != nil {
 					if !*videoFirstIDRFound {
@@ -734,34 +549,8 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) findAudioFormat(
 						return fmt.Errorf("RTMP only supports MPEG-1 layer 3 audio")
 					}
 
-					channels := uint8(flvio.SOUND_STEREO)
-					if h.ChannelMode == mpeg2audio.ChannelModeMono {
-						channels = flvio.SOUND_MONO
-					}
-
-					rate := uint8(flvio.SOUND_44Khz)
-					switch h.SampleRate {
-					case 5500:
-						rate = flvio.SOUND_5_5Khz
-					case 11025:
-						rate = flvio.SOUND_11Khz
-					case 22050:
-						rate = flvio.SOUND_22Khz
-					}
-
-					msg := &message.Audio{
-						ChunkStreamID:   message.AudioChunkStreamID,
-						MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-						Codec:           message.CodecMPEG2Audio,
-						Rate:            rate,
-						Depth:           flvio.SOUND_16BIT,
-						Channels:        channels,
-						Payload:         frame,
-						DTS:             pts,
-					}
-
 					c.nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(c.writeTimeout)))
-					err = c.conn.WriteMessage(msg)
+					err = (*w).WriteMPEG2Audio(pts, &h, frame)
 					if err != nil {
 						return err
 					}
@@ -812,29 +601,88 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) runPublish(u *url.URL) error {
 	c.pathName = pathName
 	c.mutex.Unlock()
 
-	videoFormat, audioFormat, err := c.conn.ReadTracks()
+	r, err := rtmp.NewReader(c.conn)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
+	videoFormat, audioFormat := r.Tracks()
 
 	var medias media.Medias
-	var videoMedia *media.Media
-	var audioMedia *media.Media
+	var stream *stream.Stream
 
 	if videoFormat != nil {
-		videoMedia = &media.Media{
+		videoMedia := &media.Media{
 			Type:    media.TypeVideo,
 			Formats: []formats.Format{videoFormat},
 		}
 		medias = append(medias, videoMedia)
+
+		switch videoFormat.(type) {
+		case *formats.AV1:
+			r.OnDataAV1(func(pts time.Duration, obus [][]byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(videoMedia, videoFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitAV1{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS:  pts,
+					OBUs: obus,
+				})
+			})
+
+		case *formats.H265:
+			r.OnDataH265(func(pts time.Duration, au [][]byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(videoMedia, videoFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitH265{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS: pts,
+					AU:  au,
+				})
+			})
+
+		case *formats.H264:
+			r.OnDataH264(func(pts time.Duration, au [][]byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(videoMedia, videoFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitH264{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS: pts,
+					AU:  au,
+				})
+			})
+		}
 	}
 
-	if audioFormat != nil {
-		audioMedia = &media.Media{
+	if audioFormat != nil { //nolint:dupl
+		audioMedia := &media.Media{
 			Type:    media.TypeAudio,
 			Formats: []formats.Format{audioFormat},
 		}
 		medias = append(medias, audioMedia)
+
+		switch audioFormat.(type) {
+		case *formats.MPEG4AudioGeneric:
+			r.OnDataMPEG4Audio(func(pts time.Duration, au []byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(audioMedia, audioFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitMPEG4AudioGeneric{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS: pts,
+					AUs: [][]byte{au},
+				})
+			})
+
+		case *formats.MPEG2Audio:
+			r.OnDataMPEG2Audio(func(pts time.Duration, frame []byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(audioMedia, audioFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitMPEG2Audio{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS:    pts,
+					Frames: [][]byte{frame},
+				})
+			})
+		}
 	}
 
 	rres := res.path.publisherStart(pathPublisherStartReq{
@@ -850,40 +698,17 @@ func (c *rtmpConn) runPublish(u *url.URL) error {
 		res.path.name,
 		sourceMediaInfo(medias))
 
+	stream = rres.stream
+
 	// disable write deadline to allow outgoing acknowledges
 	c.nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Time{})
 
-	videoWriteFunc := getRTMPWriteFunc(videoMedia, videoFormat, rres.stream)
-	audioWriteFunc := getRTMPWriteFunc(audioMedia, audioFormat, rres.stream)
-
 	for {
 		c.nconn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(c.readTimeout)))
-		msg, err := c.conn.ReadMessage()
+		err := r.Read()
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
-
-		switch msg.(type) {
-		case *message.Video, *message.ExtendedFramesX, *message.ExtendedCodedFrames:
-			if videoFormat == nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("received a video packet, but track is not set up")
-			}
-
-			err := videoWriteFunc(msg)
-			if err != nil {
-				c.Log(logger.Warn, "%v", err)
-			}
-
-		case *message.Audio:
-			if audioFormat == nil {
-				return fmt.Errorf("received an audio packet, but track is not set up")
-			}
-
-			err := audioWriteFunc(msg)
-			if err != nil {
-				c.Log(logger.Warn, "%v", err)
-			}
-		}
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/internal/core/rtmp_listener.go b/internal/core/rtmp_listener.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fe270fa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/core/rtmp_listener.go
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+package core
+
+import (
+	"net"
+	"sync"
+)
+
+type rtmpListener struct {
+	ln     net.Listener
+	wg     *sync.WaitGroup
+	parent *rtmpServer
+}
+
+func newRTMPListener(
+	ln net.Listener,
+	wg *sync.WaitGroup,
+	parent *rtmpServer,
+) *rtmpListener {
+	l := &rtmpListener{
+		ln:     ln,
+		wg:     wg,
+		parent: parent,
+	}
+
+	l.wg.Add(1)
+	go l.run()
+
+	return l
+}
+
+func (l *rtmpListener) run() {
+	defer l.wg.Done()
+
+	err := func() error {
+		for {
+			conn, err := l.ln.Accept()
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+
+			l.parent.newConn(conn)
+		}
+	}()
+
+	l.parent.acceptError(err)
+}
diff --git a/internal/core/rtmp_server.go b/internal/core/rtmp_server.go
index 15ba2dd3..35499c82 100644
--- a/internal/core/rtmp_server.go
+++ b/internal/core/rtmp_server.go
@@ -67,7 +67,9 @@ type rtmpServer struct {
 	conns     map[*rtmpConn]struct{}
 
 	// in
-	chConnClose    chan *rtmpConn
+	chNewConn      chan net.Conn
+	chAcceptErr    chan error
+	chCloseConn    chan *rtmpConn
 	chAPIConnsList chan rtmpServerAPIConnsListReq
 	chAPIConnsGet  chan rtmpServerAPIConnsGetReq
 	chAPIConnsKick chan rtmpServerAPIConnsKickReq
@@ -124,7 +126,9 @@ func newRTMPServer(
 		ctxCancel:           ctxCancel,
 		ln:                  ln,
 		conns:               make(map[*rtmpConn]struct{}),
-		chConnClose:         make(chan *rtmpConn),
+		chNewConn:           make(chan net.Conn),
+		chAcceptErr:         make(chan error),
+		chCloseConn:         make(chan *rtmpConn),
 		chAPIConnsList:      make(chan rtmpServerAPIConnsListReq),
 		chAPIConnsGet:       make(chan rtmpServerAPIConnsGetReq),
 		chAPIConnsKick:      make(chan rtmpServerAPIConnsKickReq),
@@ -136,6 +140,12 @@ func newRTMPServer(
 		s.metrics.rtmpServerSet(s)
 	}
 
+	newRTMPListener(
+		s.ln,
+		&s.wg,
+		s,
+	)
+
 	s.wg.Add(1)
 	go s.run()
 
@@ -161,40 +171,14 @@ func (s *rtmpServer) close() {
 func (s *rtmpServer) run() {
 	defer s.wg.Done()
 
-	s.wg.Add(1)
-	connNew := make(chan net.Conn)
-	acceptErr := make(chan error)
-	go func() {
-		defer s.wg.Done()
-		err := func() error {
-			for {
-				conn, err := s.ln.Accept()
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-
-				select {
-				case connNew <- conn:
-				case <-s.ctx.Done():
-					conn.Close()
-				}
-			}
-		}()
-
-		select {
-		case acceptErr <- err:
-		case <-s.ctx.Done():
-		}
-	}()
-
 outer:
 	for {
 		select {
-		case err := <-acceptErr:
+		case err := <-s.chAcceptErr:
 			s.Log(logger.Error, "%s", err)
 			break outer
 
-		case nconn := <-connNew:
+		case nconn := <-s.chNewConn:
 			c := newRTMPConn(
 				s.ctx,
 				s.isTLS,
@@ -211,7 +195,7 @@ outer:
 				s)
 			s.conns[c] = struct{}{}
 
-		case c := <-s.chConnClose:
+		case c := <-s.chCloseConn:
 			delete(s.conns, c)
 
 		case req := <-s.chAPIConnsList:
@@ -272,10 +256,27 @@ func (s *rtmpServer) findConnByUUID(uuid uuid.UUID) *rtmpConn {
 	return nil
 }
 
-// connClose is called by rtmpConn.
-func (s *rtmpServer) connClose(c *rtmpConn) {
+// newConn is called by rtmpListener.
+func (s *rtmpServer) newConn(conn net.Conn) {
 	select {
-	case s.chConnClose <- c:
+	case s.chNewConn <- conn:
+	case <-s.ctx.Done():
+		conn.Close()
+	}
+}
+
+// acceptError is called by rtmpListener.
+func (s *rtmpServer) acceptError(err error) {
+	select {
+	case s.chAcceptErr <- err:
+	case <-s.ctx.Done():
+	}
+}
+
+// closeConn is called by rtmpConn.
+func (s *rtmpServer) closeConn(c *rtmpConn) {
+	select {
+	case s.chCloseConn <- c:
 	case <-s.ctx.Done():
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/core/rtmp_server_test.go b/internal/core/rtmp_server_test.go
index 65e3c151..d9f846f5 100644
--- a/internal/core/rtmp_server_test.go
+++ b/internal/core/rtmp_server_test.go
@@ -13,7 +13,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
 )
 
 func TestRTMPServerRunOnConnect(t *testing.T) {
@@ -154,7 +153,7 @@ func TestRTMPServer(t *testing.T) {
 					IndexDeltaLength: 3,
 				}
 
-				err = conn1.WriteTracks(videoTrack, audioTrack)
+				w, err := rtmp.NewWriter(conn1, videoTrack, audioTrack)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 				time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
@@ -181,43 +180,40 @@ func TestRTMPServer(t *testing.T) {
 				err = conn2.InitializeClient(u2, false)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
-				videoTrack1, audioTrack2, err := conn2.ReadTracks()
+				r, err := rtmp.NewReader(conn2)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
+				videoTrack1, audioTrack2 := r.Tracks()
 				require.Equal(t, videoTrack, videoTrack1)
 				require.Equal(t, audioTrack, audioTrack2)
 
-				err = conn1.WriteMessage(&message.Video{
-					ChunkStreamID:   message.VideoChunkStreamID,
-					MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-					Codec:           message.CodecH264,
-					IsKeyFrame:      true,
-					Type:            message.VideoTypeAU,
-					Payload: []byte{
-						0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, // IDR 1
-						0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, // IDR 2
-					},
+				err = w.WriteH264(0, 0, true, [][]byte{
+					{0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}, // IDR 1
+					{0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}, // IDR 2
 				})
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
-				msg1, err := conn2.ReadMessage()
+				r.OnDataH264(func(pts time.Duration, au [][]byte) {
+					require.Equal(t, [][]byte{
+						{ // SPS
+							0x67, 0x42, 0xc0, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x00, 0x78, 0x02,
+							0x27, 0xe5, 0x84, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x04,
+							0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x3c, 0x60, 0xc9,
+							0x20,
+						},
+						{ // PPS
+							0x08, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08,
+						},
+						{ // IDR 1
+							0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04,
+						},
+						{ // IDR 2
+							0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04,
+						},
+					}, au)
+				})
+
+				err = r.Read()
 				require.NoError(t, err)
-				require.Equal(t, &message.Video{
-					ChunkStreamID:   message.VideoChunkStreamID,
-					MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-					Codec:           message.CodecH264,
-					IsKeyFrame:      true,
-					Type:            message.VideoTypeAU,
-					Payload: []byte{
-						0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x19, // SPS
-						0x67, 0x42, 0xc0, 0x28, 0xd9, 0x00, 0x78, 0x02,
-						0x27, 0xe5, 0x84, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x04,
-						0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0xf0, 0x3c, 0x60, 0xc9,
-						0x20,
-						0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x08, 0x06, 0x07, 0x08, // PPS
-						0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, // IDR 1
-						0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, // IDR 2
-					},
-				}, msg1)
 			})
 		}
 	}
@@ -259,7 +255,7 @@ func TestRTMPServerAuthFail(t *testing.T) {
 			PacketizationMode: 1,
 		}
 
-		err = conn1.WriteTracks(videoTrack, nil)
+		_, err = rtmp.NewWriter(conn1, videoTrack, nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
@@ -275,7 +271,7 @@ func TestRTMPServerAuthFail(t *testing.T) {
 		err = conn2.InitializeClient(u2, false)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		_, _, err = conn2.ReadTracks()
+		_, err = rtmp.NewReader(conn2)
 		require.EqualError(t, err, "EOF")
 	})
 
@@ -313,7 +309,7 @@ func TestRTMPServerAuthFail(t *testing.T) {
 			PacketizationMode: 1,
 		}
 
-		err = conn1.WriteTracks(videoTrack, nil)
+		_, err = rtmp.NewWriter(conn1, videoTrack, nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
@@ -329,7 +325,7 @@ func TestRTMPServerAuthFail(t *testing.T) {
 		err = conn2.InitializeClient(u2, false)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		_, _, err = conn2.ReadTracks()
+		_, err = rtmp.NewReader(conn2)
 		require.EqualError(t, err, "EOF")
 	})
 
@@ -368,7 +364,7 @@ func TestRTMPServerAuthFail(t *testing.T) {
 			PacketizationMode: 1,
 		}
 
-		err = conn1.WriteTracks(videoTrack, nil)
+		_, err = rtmp.NewWriter(conn1, videoTrack, nil)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
 		time.Sleep(500 * time.Millisecond)
@@ -384,7 +380,7 @@ func TestRTMPServerAuthFail(t *testing.T) {
 		err = conn2.InitializeClient(u2, false)
 		require.NoError(t, err)
 
-		_, _, err = conn2.ReadTracks()
+		_, err = rtmp.NewReader(conn2)
 		require.EqualError(t, err, "EOF")
 	})
 }
diff --git a/internal/core/rtmp_source.go b/internal/core/rtmp_source.go
index d6a9bf12..b7a63da1 100644
--- a/internal/core/rtmp_source.go
+++ b/internal/core/rtmp_source.go
@@ -12,9 +12,10 @@ import (
 	"github.com/bluenviron/gortsplib/v3/pkg/media"
 
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/conf"
+	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/formatprocessor"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/logger"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
+	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/stream"
 )
 
 type rtmpSourceParent interface {
@@ -60,10 +61,10 @@ func (s *rtmpSource) run(ctx context.Context, cnf *conf.PathConf, reloadConf cha
 		u.Host = net.JoinHostPort(u.Host, "1935")
 	}
 
-	ctx2, cancel2 := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Duration(s.readTimeout))
-	defer cancel2()
-
 	nconn, err := func() (net.Conn, error) {
+		ctx2, cancel2 := context.WithTimeout(ctx, time.Duration(s.readTimeout))
+		defer cancel2()
+
 		if u.Scheme == "rtmp" {
 			return (&net.Dialer{}).DialContext(ctx2, "tcp", u.Host)
 		}
@@ -76,98 +77,9 @@ func (s *rtmpSource) run(ctx context.Context, cnf *conf.PathConf, reloadConf cha
 		return err
 	}
 
-	conn := rtmp.NewConn(nconn)
-
 	readDone := make(chan error)
 	go func() {
-		readDone <- func() error {
-			nconn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(s.readTimeout)))
-			nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(s.writeTimeout)))
-			err = conn.InitializeClient(u, false)
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Time{})
-			nconn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(s.readTimeout)))
-			videoFormat, audioFormat, err := conn.ReadTracks()
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-
-			switch videoFormat.(type) {
-			case *formats.H265, *formats.AV1:
-				return fmt.Errorf("proxying H265 or AV1 tracks with RTMP is not supported")
-			}
-
-			var medias media.Medias
-			var videoMedia *media.Media
-			var audioMedia *media.Media
-
-			if videoFormat != nil {
-				videoMedia = &media.Media{
-					Type:    media.TypeVideo,
-					Formats: []formats.Format{videoFormat},
-				}
-				medias = append(medias, videoMedia)
-			}
-
-			if audioFormat != nil {
-				audioMedia = &media.Media{
-					Type:    media.TypeAudio,
-					Formats: []formats.Format{audioFormat},
-				}
-				medias = append(medias, audioMedia)
-			}
-
-			res := s.parent.sourceStaticImplSetReady(pathSourceStaticSetReadyReq{
-				medias:             medias,
-				generateRTPPackets: true,
-			})
-			if res.err != nil {
-				return res.err
-			}
-
-			s.Log(logger.Info, "ready: %s", sourceMediaInfo(medias))
-
-			defer s.parent.sourceStaticImplSetNotReady(pathSourceStaticSetNotReadyReq{})
-
-			videoWriteFunc := getRTMPWriteFunc(videoMedia, videoFormat, res.stream)
-			audioWriteFunc := getRTMPWriteFunc(audioMedia, audioFormat, res.stream)
-
-			// disable write deadline to allow outgoing acknowledges
-			nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Time{})
-
-			for {
-				nconn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(s.readTimeout)))
-				msg, err := conn.ReadMessage()
-				if err != nil {
-					return err
-				}
-
-				switch tmsg := msg.(type) {
-				case *message.Video:
-					if videoFormat == nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("received an H264 packet, but track is not set up")
-					}
-
-					err := videoWriteFunc(tmsg)
-					if err != nil {
-						s.Log(logger.Warn, "%v", err)
-					}
-
-				case *message.Audio:
-					if audioFormat == nil {
-						return fmt.Errorf("received an AAC packet, but track is not set up")
-					}
-
-					err := audioWriteFunc(tmsg)
-					if err != nil {
-						s.Log(logger.Warn, "%v", err)
-					}
-				}
-			}
-		}()
+		readDone <- s.runReader(u, nconn)
 	}()
 
 	for {
@@ -186,6 +98,109 @@ func (s *rtmpSource) run(ctx context.Context, cnf *conf.PathConf, reloadConf cha
 	}
 }
 
+func (s *rtmpSource) runReader(u *url.URL, nconn net.Conn) error {
+	conn := rtmp.NewConn(nconn)
+
+	nconn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(s.readTimeout)))
+	nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(s.writeTimeout)))
+	err := conn.InitializeClient(u, false)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	mc, err := rtmp.NewReader(conn)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	videoFormat, audioFormat := mc.Tracks()
+
+	switch videoFormat.(type) {
+	case *formats.H265, *formats.AV1:
+		return fmt.Errorf("proxying H265 or AV1 tracks with RTMP is not supported")
+	}
+
+	var medias media.Medias
+	var stream *stream.Stream
+
+	if videoFormat != nil {
+		videoMedia := &media.Media{
+			Type:    media.TypeVideo,
+			Formats: []formats.Format{videoFormat},
+		}
+		medias = append(medias, videoMedia)
+
+		if _, ok := videoFormat.(*formats.H264); ok {
+			mc.OnDataH264(func(pts time.Duration, au [][]byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(videoMedia, videoFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitH264{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS: pts,
+					AU:  au,
+				})
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	if audioFormat != nil { //nolint:dupl
+		audioMedia := &media.Media{
+			Type:    media.TypeAudio,
+			Formats: []formats.Format{audioFormat},
+		}
+		medias = append(medias, audioMedia)
+
+		switch audioFormat.(type) {
+		case *formats.MPEG4AudioGeneric:
+			mc.OnDataMPEG4Audio(func(pts time.Duration, au []byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(audioMedia, audioFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitMPEG4AudioGeneric{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS: pts,
+					AUs: [][]byte{au},
+				})
+			})
+
+		case *formats.MPEG2Audio:
+			mc.OnDataMPEG2Audio(func(pts time.Duration, frame []byte) {
+				stream.WriteUnit(audioMedia, audioFormat, &formatprocessor.UnitMPEG2Audio{
+					BaseUnit: formatprocessor.BaseUnit{
+						NTP: time.Now(),
+					},
+					PTS:    pts,
+					Frames: [][]byte{frame},
+				})
+			})
+		}
+	}
+
+	res := s.parent.sourceStaticImplSetReady(pathSourceStaticSetReadyReq{
+		medias:             medias,
+		generateRTPPackets: true,
+	})
+	if res.err != nil {
+		return res.err
+	}
+
+	defer s.parent.sourceStaticImplSetNotReady(pathSourceStaticSetNotReadyReq{})
+
+	s.Log(logger.Info, "ready: %s", sourceMediaInfo(medias))
+
+	stream = res.stream
+
+	// disable write deadline to allow outgoing acknowledges
+	nconn.SetWriteDeadline(time.Time{})
+
+	for {
+		nconn.SetReadDeadline(time.Now().Add(time.Duration(s.readTimeout)))
+		err := mc.Read()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // apiSourceDescribe implements sourceStaticImpl.
 func (*rtmpSource) apiSourceDescribe() pathAPISourceOrReader {
 	return pathAPISourceOrReader{
diff --git a/internal/core/rtmp_source_test.go b/internal/core/rtmp_source_test.go
index 55608c8b..a308c03d 100644
--- a/internal/core/rtmp_source_test.go
+++ b/internal/core/rtmp_source_test.go
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@ import (
 	"github.com/stretchr/testify/require"
 
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
 )
 
 func TestRTMPSource(t *testing.T) {
@@ -81,19 +80,12 @@ func TestRTMPSource(t *testing.T) {
 					IndexDeltaLength: 3,
 				}
 
-				err = conn.WriteTracks(videoTrack, audioTrack)
+				w, err := rtmp.NewWriter(conn, videoTrack, audioTrack)
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 				<-connected
 
-				err = conn.WriteMessage(&message.Video{
-					ChunkStreamID:   message.VideoChunkStreamID,
-					MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-					Codec:           message.CodecH264,
-					IsKeyFrame:      true,
-					Type:            message.VideoTypeAU,
-					Payload:         []byte{0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x04, 0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04},
-				})
+				err = w.WriteH264(0, 0, true, [][]byte{{0x05, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04}})
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 
 				<-done
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/tracks/boxes_av1.go b/internal/rtmp/boxes_av1.go
similarity index 98%
rename from internal/rtmp/tracks/boxes_av1.go
rename to internal/rtmp/boxes_av1.go
index f75b07e8..524b793a 100644
--- a/internal/rtmp/tracks/boxes_av1.go
+++ b/internal/rtmp/boxes_av1.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tracks
+package rtmp
 
 import (
 	gomp4 "github.com/abema/go-mp4"
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/conn.go b/internal/rtmp/conn.go
index ee2b7ba3..2a27a4df 100644
--- a/internal/rtmp/conn.go
+++ b/internal/rtmp/conn.go
@@ -7,13 +7,11 @@ import (
 	"net/url"
 	"strings"
 
-	"github.com/bluenviron/gortsplib/v3/pkg/formats"
 	"github.com/notedit/rtmp/format/flv/flvio"
 
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/bytecounter"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/handshake"
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/tracks"
 )
 
 func resultIsOK1(res *message.CommandAMF0) bool {
@@ -98,6 +96,43 @@ func createURL(tcURL string, app string, play string) (*url.URL, error) {
 	return u, nil
 }
 
+func readCommand(mrw *message.ReadWriter) (*message.CommandAMF0, error) {
+	for {
+		msg, err := mrw.Read()
+		if err != nil {
+			return nil, err
+		}
+
+		if cmd, ok := msg.(*message.CommandAMF0); ok {
+			return cmd, nil
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func readCommandResult(
+	mrw *message.ReadWriter,
+	commandID int,
+	commandName string,
+	isValid func(*message.CommandAMF0) bool,
+) error {
+	for {
+		msg, err := mrw.Read()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		if cmd, ok := msg.(*message.CommandAMF0); ok {
+			if cmd.CommandID == commandID && cmd.Name == commandName {
+				if !isValid(cmd) {
+					return fmt.Errorf("server refused connect request")
+				}
+
+				return nil
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 // Conn is a RTMP connection.
 type Conn struct {
 	bc  *bytecounter.ReadWriter
@@ -121,36 +156,8 @@ func (c *Conn) BytesSent() uint64 {
 	return c.bc.Writer.Count()
 }
 
-func (c *Conn) readCommand() (*message.CommandAMF0, error) {
-	for {
-		msg, err := c.mrw.Read()
-		if err != nil {
-			return nil, err
-		}
-
-		if cmd, ok := msg.(*message.CommandAMF0); ok {
-			return cmd, nil
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-func (c *Conn) readCommandResult(commandID int, commandName string, isValid func(*message.CommandAMF0) bool) error {
-	for {
-		msg, err := c.mrw.Read()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		if cmd, ok := msg.(*message.CommandAMF0); ok {
-			if cmd.CommandID == commandID && cmd.Name == commandName {
-				if !isValid(cmd) {
-					return fmt.Errorf("server refused connect request")
-				}
-
-				return nil
-			}
-		}
-	}
+func (c *Conn) skipInitialization() {
+	c.mrw = message.NewReadWriter(c.bc, false)
 }
 
 // InitializeClient performs the initialization of a client-side connection.
@@ -207,7 +214,7 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeClient(u *url.URL, isPublishing bool) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	err = c.readCommandResult(1, "_result", resultIsOK1)
+	err = readCommandResult(c.mrw, 1, "_result", resultIsOK1)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -225,7 +232,7 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeClient(u *url.URL, isPublishing bool) error {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		err = c.readCommandResult(2, "_result", resultIsOK2)
+		err = readCommandResult(c.mrw, 2, "_result", resultIsOK2)
 		if err != nil {
 			return err
 		}
@@ -251,7 +258,7 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeClient(u *url.URL, isPublishing bool) error {
 			return err
 		}
 
-		return c.readCommandResult(3, "onStatus", resultIsOK1)
+		return readCommandResult(c.mrw, 3, "onStatus", resultIsOK1)
 	}
 
 	err = c.mrw.Write(&message.CommandAMF0{
@@ -292,7 +299,7 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeClient(u *url.URL, isPublishing bool) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	err = c.readCommandResult(4, "_result", resultIsOK2)
+	err = readCommandResult(c.mrw, 4, "_result", resultIsOK2)
 	if err != nil {
 		return err
 	}
@@ -312,7 +319,7 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeClient(u *url.URL, isPublishing bool) error {
 		return err
 	}
 
-	return c.readCommandResult(5, "onStatus", resultIsOK1)
+	return readCommandResult(c.mrw, 5, "onStatus", resultIsOK1)
 }
 
 // InitializeServer performs the initialization of a server-side connection.
@@ -324,7 +331,7 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeServer() (*url.URL, bool, error) {
 
 	c.mrw = message.NewReadWriter(c.bc, false)
 
-	cmd, err := c.readCommand()
+	cmd, err := readCommand(c.mrw)
 	if err != nil {
 		return nil, false, err
 	}
@@ -403,7 +410,7 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeServer() (*url.URL, bool, error) {
 	}
 
 	for {
-		cmd, err := c.readCommand()
+		cmd, err := readCommand(c.mrw)
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, false, err
 		}
@@ -564,23 +571,12 @@ func (c *Conn) InitializeServer() (*url.URL, bool, error) {
 	}
 }
 
-// ReadMessage reads a message.
-func (c *Conn) ReadMessage() (message.Message, error) {
+// Read reads a message.
+func (c *Conn) Read() (message.Message, error) {
 	return c.mrw.Read()
 }
 
-// WriteMessage writes a message.
-func (c *Conn) WriteMessage(msg message.Message) error {
+// Write writes a message.
+func (c *Conn) Write(msg message.Message) error {
 	return c.mrw.Write(msg)
 }
-
-// ReadTracks reads track informations.
-// It returns the video track and the audio track.
-func (c *Conn) ReadTracks() (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
-	return tracks.Read(c.mrw)
-}
-
-// WriteTracks writes track informations.
-func (c *Conn) WriteTracks(videoTrack formats.Format, audioTrack formats.Format) error {
-	return tracks.Write(c.mrw, videoTrack, audioTrack)
-}
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/conn_test.go b/internal/rtmp/conn_test.go
index f50df0c0..db583c8f 100644
--- a/internal/rtmp/conn_test.go
+++ b/internal/rtmp/conn_test.go
@@ -491,6 +491,6 @@ func BenchmarkRead(b *testing.B) {
 	conn := NewConn(&buf)
 
 	for n := 0; n < b.N; n++ {
-		conn.ReadMessage()
+		conn.Read()
 	}
 }
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/tracks/read.go b/internal/rtmp/reader.go
similarity index 63%
rename from internal/rtmp/tracks/read.go
rename to internal/rtmp/reader.go
index 88b4c4b3..00af2491 100644
--- a/internal/rtmp/tracks/read.go
+++ b/internal/rtmp/reader.go
@@ -1,5 +1,4 @@
-// Package tracks contains functions to read and write track metadata.
-package tracks
+package rtmp
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
@@ -19,6 +18,18 @@ import (
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
 )
 
+// OnDataAV1Func is the prototype of the callback passed to OnDataAV1().
+type OnDataAV1Func func(pts time.Duration, obus [][]byte)
+
+// OnDataH26xFunc is the prototype of the callback passed to OnDataH26x().
+type OnDataH26xFunc func(pts time.Duration, au [][]byte)
+
+// OnDataMPEG4AudioFunc is the prototype of the callback passed to OnDataMPEG4Audio().
+type OnDataMPEG4AudioFunc func(pts time.Duration, au []byte)
+
+// OnDataMPEG2AudioFunc is the prototype of the callback passed to OnDataMPEG2Audio().
+type OnDataMPEG2AudioFunc func(pts time.Duration, frame []byte)
+
 func h265FindNALU(array []gomp4.HEVCNaluArray, typ h265.NALUType) []byte {
 	for _, entry := range array {
 		if entry.NaluType == byte(typ) && entry.NumNalus == 1 &&
@@ -62,7 +73,7 @@ func trackFromAACDecoderConfig(data []byte) (formats.Format, error) {
 
 var errEmptyMetadata = errors.New("metadata is empty")
 
-func readTracksFromMetadata(r *message.ReadWriter, payload []interface{}) (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
+func tracksFromMetadata(conn *Conn, payload []interface{}) (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
 	if len(payload) != 1 {
 		return nil, nil, fmt.Errorf("invalid metadata")
 	}
@@ -145,7 +156,7 @@ func readTracksFromMetadata(r *message.ReadWriter, payload []interface{}) (forma
 			return videoTrack, audioTrack, nil
 		}
 
-		msg, err := r.Read()
+		msg, err := conn.Read()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
@@ -261,7 +272,7 @@ func readTracksFromMetadata(r *message.ReadWriter, payload []interface{}) (forma
 	}
 }
 
-func readTracksFromMessages(r *message.ReadWriter, msg message.Message) (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
+func tracksFromMessages(conn *Conn, msg message.Message) (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
 	var startTime *time.Duration
 	var videoTrack formats.Format
 	var audioTrack formats.Format
@@ -322,7 +333,7 @@ outer:
 		}
 
 		var err error
-		msg, err = r.Read()
+		msg, err = conn.Read()
 		if err != nil {
 			return nil, nil, err
 		}
@@ -335,12 +346,34 @@ outer:
 	return videoTrack, audioTrack, nil
 }
 
-// Read reads track informations.
-// It returns the video track and the audio track.
-func Read(r *message.ReadWriter) (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
+// Reader is a wrapper around Conn that provides utilities to demux incoming data.
+type Reader struct {
+	conn        *Conn
+	videoTrack  formats.Format
+	audioTrack  formats.Format
+	onDataVideo func(message.Message) error
+	onDataAudio func(*message.Audio) error
+}
+
+// NewReader allocates a Reader.
+func NewReader(conn *Conn) (*Reader, error) {
+	r := &Reader{
+		conn: conn,
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	r.videoTrack, r.audioTrack, err = r.readTracks()
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return r, nil
+}
+
+func (r *Reader) readTracks() (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
 	msg, err := func() (message.Message, error) {
 		for {
-			msg, err := r.Read()
+			msg, err := r.conn.Read()
 			if err != nil {
 				return nil, err
 			}
@@ -373,15 +406,15 @@ func Read(r *message.ReadWriter) (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
 
 		if len(payload) >= 1 {
 			if s, ok := payload[0].(string); ok && s == "onMetaData" {
-				videoTrack, audioTrack, err := readTracksFromMetadata(r, payload[1:])
+				videoTrack, audioTrack, err := tracksFromMetadata(r.conn, payload[1:])
 				if err != nil {
 					if err == errEmptyMetadata {
-						msg, err := r.Read()
+						msg, err := r.conn.Read()
 						if err != nil {
 							return nil, nil, err
 						}
 
-						return readTracksFromMessages(r, msg)
+						return tracksFromMessages(r.conn, msg)
 					}
 
 					return nil, nil, err
@@ -392,5 +425,135 @@ func Read(r *message.ReadWriter) (formats.Format, formats.Format, error) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	return readTracksFromMessages(r, msg)
+	return tracksFromMessages(r.conn, msg)
+}
+
+// Tracks returns detected tracks
+func (r *Reader) Tracks() (formats.Format, formats.Format) {
+	return r.videoTrack, r.audioTrack
+}
+
+// OnDataAV1 sets a callback that is called when AV1 data is received.
+func (r *Reader) OnDataAV1(cb OnDataAV1Func) {
+	r.onDataVideo = func(msg message.Message) error {
+		if msg, ok := msg.(*message.ExtendedCodedFrames); ok {
+			obus, err := av1.BitstreamUnmarshal(msg.Payload, true)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode bitstream: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			cb(msg.DTS, obus)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// OnDataH265 sets a callback that is called when H265 data is received.
+func (r *Reader) OnDataH265(cb OnDataH26xFunc) {
+	r.onDataVideo = func(msg message.Message) error {
+		switch msg := msg.(type) {
+		case *message.Video:
+			au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(msg.Payload)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			cb(msg.DTS+msg.PTSDelta, au)
+
+		case *message.ExtendedFramesX:
+			au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(msg.Payload)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			cb(msg.DTS, au)
+
+		case *message.ExtendedCodedFrames:
+			au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(msg.Payload)
+			if err != nil {
+				return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
+			}
+
+			cb(msg.DTS+msg.PTSDelta, au)
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// OnDataH264 sets a callback that is called when H264 data is received.
+func (r *Reader) OnDataH264(cb OnDataH26xFunc) {
+	r.onDataVideo = func(msg message.Message) error {
+		if msg, ok := msg.(*message.Video); ok {
+			switch msg.Type {
+			case message.VideoTypeConfig:
+				var conf h264conf.Conf
+				err := conf.Unmarshal(msg.Payload)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unable to parse H264 config: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				au := [][]byte{
+					conf.SPS,
+					conf.PPS,
+				}
+
+				cb(msg.DTS+msg.PTSDelta, au)
+
+			case message.VideoTypeAU:
+				au, err := h264.AVCCUnmarshal(msg.Payload)
+				if err != nil {
+					return fmt.Errorf("unable to decode AVCC: %v", err)
+				}
+
+				cb(msg.DTS+msg.PTSDelta, au)
+			}
+		}
+
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// OnDataMPEG4Audio sets a callback that is called when MPEG-4 Audio data is received.
+func (r *Reader) OnDataMPEG4Audio(cb OnDataMPEG4AudioFunc) {
+	r.onDataAudio = func(msg *message.Audio) error {
+		if msg.AACType == message.AudioAACTypeAU {
+			cb(msg.DTS, msg.Payload)
+		}
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// OnDataMPEG2Audio sets a callback that is called when MPEG-2 Audio data is received.
+func (r *Reader) OnDataMPEG2Audio(cb OnDataMPEG2AudioFunc) {
+	r.onDataAudio = func(msg *message.Audio) error {
+		cb(msg.DTS, msg.Payload)
+		return nil
+	}
+}
+
+// Read reads data.
+func (r *Reader) Read() error {
+	msg, err := r.conn.Read()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	switch msg := msg.(type) {
+	case *message.Video, *message.ExtendedFramesX, *message.ExtendedCodedFrames:
+		if r.onDataVideo == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("received a video packet, but track is not set up")
+		}
+
+		return r.onDataVideo(msg)
+
+	case *message.Audio:
+		if r.onDataAudio == nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("received an audio packet, but track is not set up")
+		}
+
+		return r.onDataAudio(msg)
+	}
+
+	return nil
 }
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/tracks/read_test.go b/internal/rtmp/reader_test.go
similarity index 98%
rename from internal/rtmp/tracks/read_test.go
rename to internal/rtmp/reader_test.go
index 5a4e6847..0cc4a5de 100644
--- a/internal/rtmp/tracks/read_test.go
+++ b/internal/rtmp/reader_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tracks
+package rtmp
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
 )
 
-func TestRead(t *testing.T) {
+func TestReadTracks(t *testing.T) {
 	sps := []byte{
 		0x67, 0x64, 0x00, 0x0c, 0xac, 0x3b, 0x50, 0xb0,
 		0x4b, 0x42, 0x00, 0x00, 0x03, 0x00, 0x02, 0x00,
@@ -536,8 +536,12 @@ func TestRead(t *testing.T) {
 				require.NoError(t, err)
 			}
 
-			videoTrack, audioTrack, err := Read(mrw)
+			c := NewConn(&buf)
+			c.skipInitialization()
+
+			r, err := NewReader(c)
 			require.NoError(t, err)
+			videoTrack, audioTrack := r.Tracks()
 			require.Equal(t, ca.videoTrack, videoTrack)
 			require.Equal(t, ca.audioTrack, audioTrack)
 		})
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/tracks/write.go b/internal/rtmp/tracks/write.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 343303c2..00000000
--- a/internal/rtmp/tracks/write.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
-package tracks
-
-import (
-	"github.com/bluenviron/gortsplib/v3/pkg/formats"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/mpeg4audio"
-	"github.com/notedit/rtmp/format/flv/flvio"
-
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/h264conf"
-	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
-)
-
-// Write writes track informations.
-func Write(w *message.ReadWriter, videoTrack formats.Format, audioTrack formats.Format) error {
-	err := w.Write(&message.DataAMF0{
-		ChunkStreamID:   4,
-		MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-		Payload: []interface{}{
-			"@setDataFrame",
-			"onMetaData",
-			flvio.AMFMap{
-				{
-					K: "videodatarate",
-					V: float64(0),
-				},
-				{
-					K: "videocodecid",
-					V: func() float64 {
-						switch videoTrack.(type) {
-						case *formats.H264:
-							return message.CodecH264
-
-						default:
-							return 0
-						}
-					}(),
-				},
-				{
-					K: "audiodatarate",
-					V: float64(0),
-				},
-				{
-					K: "audiocodecid",
-					V: func() float64 {
-						switch audioTrack.(type) {
-						case *formats.MPEG2Audio:
-							return message.CodecMPEG2Audio
-
-						case *formats.MPEG4AudioGeneric, *formats.MPEG4AudioLATM:
-							return message.CodecMPEG4Audio
-
-						default:
-							return 0
-						}
-					}(),
-				},
-			},
-		},
-	})
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-
-	if videoTrack, ok := videoTrack.(*formats.H264); ok {
-		// write decoder config only if SPS and PPS are available.
-		// if they're not available yet, they're sent later.
-		if sps, pps := videoTrack.SafeParams(); sps != nil && pps != nil {
-			buf, _ := h264conf.Conf{
-				SPS: sps,
-				PPS: pps,
-			}.Marshal()
-
-			err = w.Write(&message.Video{
-				ChunkStreamID:   message.VideoChunkStreamID,
-				MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-				Codec:           message.CodecH264,
-				IsKeyFrame:      true,
-				Type:            message.VideoTypeConfig,
-				Payload:         buf,
-			})
-			if err != nil {
-				return err
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	var audioConfig *mpeg4audio.AudioSpecificConfig
-
-	switch track := audioTrack.(type) {
-	case *formats.MPEG4Audio:
-		audioConfig = track.Config
-
-	case *formats.MPEG4AudioLATM:
-		audioConfig = track.Config.Programs[0].Layers[0].AudioSpecificConfig
-	}
-
-	if audioConfig != nil {
-		enc, err := audioConfig.Marshal()
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-
-		err = w.Write(&message.Audio{
-			ChunkStreamID:   message.AudioChunkStreamID,
-			MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
-			Codec:           message.CodecMPEG4Audio,
-			Rate:            flvio.SOUND_44Khz,
-			Depth:           flvio.SOUND_16BIT,
-			Channels:        flvio.SOUND_STEREO,
-			AACType:         message.AudioAACTypeConfig,
-			Payload:         enc,
-		})
-		if err != nil {
-			return err
-		}
-	}
-
-	return nil
-}
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/writer.go b/internal/rtmp/writer.go
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..31841dc3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/internal/rtmp/writer.go
@@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
+package rtmp
+
+import (
+	"time"
+
+	"github.com/bluenviron/gortsplib/v3/pkg/formats"
+	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/h264"
+	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/mpeg2audio"
+	"github.com/bluenviron/mediacommon/pkg/codecs/mpeg4audio"
+	"github.com/notedit/rtmp/format/flv/flvio"
+
+	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/h264conf"
+	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
+)
+
+func mpeg2AudioRate(sr int) uint8 {
+	switch sr {
+	case 5500:
+		return flvio.SOUND_5_5Khz
+	case 11025:
+		return flvio.SOUND_11Khz
+	case 22050:
+		return flvio.SOUND_22Khz
+	default:
+		return flvio.SOUND_44Khz
+	}
+}
+
+func mpeg2AudioChannels(m mpeg2audio.ChannelMode) uint8 {
+	if m == mpeg2audio.ChannelModeMono {
+		return flvio.SOUND_MONO
+	}
+	return flvio.SOUND_STEREO
+}
+
+// Writer is a wrapper around Conn that provides utilities to mux outgoing data.
+type Writer struct {
+	conn *Conn
+}
+
+// NewWriter allocates a Writer.
+func NewWriter(conn *Conn, videoTrack formats.Format, audioTrack formats.Format) (*Writer, error) {
+	w := &Writer{
+		conn: conn,
+	}
+
+	err := w.writeTracks(videoTrack, audioTrack)
+	if err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	return w, nil
+}
+
+func (w *Writer) writeTracks(videoTrack formats.Format, audioTrack formats.Format) error {
+	err := w.conn.Write(&message.DataAMF0{
+		ChunkStreamID:   4,
+		MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
+		Payload: []interface{}{
+			"@setDataFrame",
+			"onMetaData",
+			flvio.AMFMap{
+				{
+					K: "videodatarate",
+					V: float64(0),
+				},
+				{
+					K: "videocodecid",
+					V: func() float64 {
+						switch videoTrack.(type) {
+						case *formats.H264:
+							return message.CodecH264
+
+						default:
+							return 0
+						}
+					}(),
+				},
+				{
+					K: "audiodatarate",
+					V: float64(0),
+				},
+				{
+					K: "audiocodecid",
+					V: func() float64 {
+						switch audioTrack.(type) {
+						case *formats.MPEG2Audio:
+							return message.CodecMPEG2Audio
+
+						case *formats.MPEG4AudioGeneric, *formats.MPEG4AudioLATM:
+							return message.CodecMPEG4Audio
+
+						default:
+							return 0
+						}
+					}(),
+				},
+			},
+		},
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	if videoTrack, ok := videoTrack.(*formats.H264); ok {
+		// write decoder config only if SPS and PPS are available.
+		// if they're not available yet, they're sent later.
+		if sps, pps := videoTrack.SafeParams(); sps != nil && pps != nil {
+			buf, _ := h264conf.Conf{
+				SPS: sps,
+				PPS: pps,
+			}.Marshal()
+
+			err = w.conn.Write(&message.Video{
+				ChunkStreamID:   message.VideoChunkStreamID,
+				MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
+				Codec:           message.CodecH264,
+				IsKeyFrame:      true,
+				Type:            message.VideoTypeConfig,
+				Payload:         buf,
+			})
+			if err != nil {
+				return err
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	var audioConfig *mpeg4audio.AudioSpecificConfig
+
+	switch track := audioTrack.(type) {
+	case *formats.MPEG4Audio:
+		audioConfig = track.Config
+
+	case *formats.MPEG4AudioLATM:
+		audioConfig = track.Config.Programs[0].Layers[0].AudioSpecificConfig
+	}
+
+	if audioConfig != nil {
+		enc, err := audioConfig.Marshal()
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+
+		err = w.conn.Write(&message.Audio{
+			ChunkStreamID:   message.AudioChunkStreamID,
+			MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
+			Codec:           message.CodecMPEG4Audio,
+			Rate:            flvio.SOUND_44Khz,
+			Depth:           flvio.SOUND_16BIT,
+			Channels:        flvio.SOUND_STEREO,
+			AACType:         message.AudioAACTypeConfig,
+			Payload:         enc,
+		})
+		if err != nil {
+			return err
+		}
+	}
+
+	return nil
+}
+
+// WriteH264 writes H264 data.
+func (w *Writer) WriteH264(pts time.Duration, dts time.Duration, idrPresent bool, au [][]byte) error {
+	avcc, err := h264.AVCCMarshal(au)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+
+	return w.conn.Write(&message.Video{
+		ChunkStreamID:   message.VideoChunkStreamID,
+		MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
+		Codec:           message.CodecH264,
+		IsKeyFrame:      idrPresent,
+		Type:            message.VideoTypeAU,
+		Payload:         avcc,
+		DTS:             dts,
+		PTSDelta:        pts - dts,
+	})
+}
+
+// WriteMPEG4Audio writes MPEG-4 Audio data.
+func (w *Writer) WriteMPEG4Audio(pts time.Duration, au []byte) error {
+	return w.conn.Write(&message.Audio{
+		ChunkStreamID:   message.AudioChunkStreamID,
+		MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
+		Codec:           message.CodecMPEG4Audio,
+		Rate:            flvio.SOUND_44Khz,
+		Depth:           flvio.SOUND_16BIT,
+		Channels:        flvio.SOUND_STEREO,
+		AACType:         message.AudioAACTypeAU,
+		Payload:         au,
+		DTS:             pts,
+	})
+}
+
+// WriteMPEG2Audio writes MPEG-2 Audio data.
+func (w *Writer) WriteMPEG2Audio(pts time.Duration, h *mpeg2audio.FrameHeader, frame []byte) error {
+	return w.conn.Write(&message.Audio{
+		ChunkStreamID:   message.AudioChunkStreamID,
+		MessageStreamID: 0x1000000,
+		Codec:           message.CodecMPEG2Audio,
+		Rate:            mpeg2AudioRate(h.SampleRate),
+		Depth:           flvio.SOUND_16BIT,
+		Channels:        mpeg2AudioChannels(h.ChannelMode),
+		Payload:         frame,
+		DTS:             pts,
+	})
+}
diff --git a/internal/rtmp/tracks/write_test.go b/internal/rtmp/writer_test.go
similarity index 94%
rename from internal/rtmp/tracks/write_test.go
rename to internal/rtmp/writer_test.go
index f08042fd..ed8bb945 100644
--- a/internal/rtmp/tracks/write_test.go
+++ b/internal/rtmp/writer_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package tracks
+package rtmp
 
 import (
 	"bytes"
@@ -13,11 +13,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/bluenviron/mediamtx/internal/rtmp/message"
 )
 
-func TestWrite(t *testing.T) {
-	var buf bytes.Buffer
-	bc := bytecounter.NewReadWriter(&buf)
-	mrw := message.NewReadWriter(bc, true)
-
+func TestWriteTracks(t *testing.T) {
 	videoTrack := &formats.H264{
 		PayloadTyp: 96,
 		SPS: []byte{
@@ -43,9 +39,16 @@ func TestWrite(t *testing.T) {
 		IndexDeltaLength: 3,
 	}
 
-	err := Write(mrw, videoTrack, audioTrack)
+	var buf bytes.Buffer
+	c := NewConn(&buf)
+	c.skipInitialization()
+
+	_, err := NewWriter(c, videoTrack, audioTrack)
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 
+	bc := bytecounter.NewReadWriter(&buf)
+	mrw := message.NewReadWriter(bc, true)
+
 	msg, err := mrw.Read()
 	require.NoError(t, err)
 	require.Equal(t, &message.DataAMF0{