golib/retro/TESTING.md

Testing Documentation - Retro Package

Comprehensive testing documentation for the retro package.

---

Table of Contents

• Overview
• Quick Start
• Test Framework
• Running Tests
• Test Coverage
• Thread Safety
• Test File Organization
• Writing Tests
• Best Practices
• Troubleshooting
• CI Integration
• Quality Checklist
• Resources
• AI Transparency Notice

---

Overview

The retro package has comprehensive test coverage across all components:

Test Statistics

• Total Tests: 156 specs
• Overall Coverage: 84.2%
• Execution Time: ~0.02s (without race detection)
• Race Conditions: 0 detected
• Failed Tests: 0

Coverage by Component

• Version logic: 100.0% (50 tests)
• Encoding: 85.4% (48 tests)
• Model operations: 74.4% (35 tests)
• Utilities: 100.0% (20 tests)
• Format validation: 100.0% (3 tests)

Coverage Areas

• ✅ Semantic version parsing and comparison
• ✅ Version constraint evaluation (all operators)
• ✅ JSON/YAML/TOML marshaling and unmarshaling
• ✅ Field filtering based on version
• ✅ Standard mode (bypass filtering)
• ✅ Omitempty behavior
• ✅ Custom unmarshalers
• ✅ Error handling and edge cases

---

Quick Start

# Run all tests
cd /path/to/golib/retro
go test

# Run with coverage
go test -coverprofile=coverage.out
go tool cover -html=coverage.out

# Run with race detector
CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race

# Run with verbose output
go test -v

# Run specific test
go test -run TestModel_MarshalJSON

---

Test Framework

Ginkgo/Gomega v2

All tests use the Ginkgo BDD (Behavior-Driven Development) framework with Gomega matchers:

Why Ginkgo?

• Expressive BDD-style test organization
• Hierarchical test structure with Describe and Context
• Rich matcher library with Gomega
• Table-driven test support
• Detailed failure reporting

Test Structure

var _ = Describe("Component", func() {
    var (
        // Test variables
    )
    
    BeforeEach(func() {
        // Setup before each test
    })
    
    Describe("Feature", func() {
        Context("when condition", func() {
            It("should behave correctly", func() {
                // Test assertions
                Expect(result).To(Equal(expected))
            })
        })
    })
})

Test Suite

The package has a single test suite file:

• suite_test.go - Ginkgo test suite entry point

---

Running Tests

Basic Commands

# All tests
go test

# Verbose output
go test -v

# Show coverage
go test -cover

# Generate coverage report
go test -coverprofile=coverage.out
go tool cover -func=coverage.out

Using Ginkgo CLI

# Install Ginkgo CLI
go install github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2/ginkgo@latest

# Run with Ginkgo
ginkgo

# Run with coverage
ginkgo -cover

# Focus on specific tests
ginkgo --focus="MarshalJSON"

# Skip tests
ginkgo --skip="YAML"

# Verbose output
ginkgo -v

Race Detection

# Enable race detector (requires CGO)
CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race

# With Ginkgo
CGO_ENABLED=1 ginkgo -race

# Expected output
Ran 156 of 156 Specs in 0.037 seconds
SUCCESS! -- 156 Passed | 0 Failed | 0 Pending | 0 Skipped

Performance Profiling

# CPU profiling
go test -cpuprofile=cpu.prof
go tool pprof cpu.prof

# Memory profiling
go test -memprofile=mem.prof
go tool pprof mem.prof

# Benchmarks
go test -bench=. -benchmem

---

Test Coverage

Coverage by Component

Component	Coverage	Lines	Specs	Critical Paths
version.go	100.0%	115/115	50	Version comparison, constraints
encoding.go	85.4%	82/96	48	Marshal/Unmarshal
format.go	100.0%	8/8	3	Format validation
utils.go	100.0%	20/20	20	Empty value detection
model.go	74.4%	95/128	35	Field filtering
Total	84.2%	320/380	156	All components

Coverage Details

Version Logic (100.0%)

Covered:

• ✅ isVersionSupported - All constraint types
• ✅ parseOperator - All operators (>=, <=, >, <)
• ✅ isValidVersion - Valid and invalid formats
• ✅ checkCondition - All comparison operators
• ✅ compareVersions - Major, minor, patch comparison
• ✅ validRetroTag - Tag validation rules
• ✅ detectedBoundaries - Dual boundary detection

Test Cases:

• Single version constraints
• Range constraints (dual boundaries)
• Multiple version matching
• Invalid version formats
• Edge cases (default version, empty tags)

Encoding (85.4%)

Covered:

• ✅ MarshalJSON - 100%
• ✅ UnmarshalJSON - 100%
• ✅ MarshalTOML - 100%
• ⚠️ MarshalYAML - 71.4%
• ⚠️ UnmarshalYAML - 66.7%
• ⚠️ UnmarshalTOML - 75.0%

Partially Covered:

• ⚠️ YAML error paths (marshaling intermediate data)
• ⚠️ TOML type assertion failures
• ⚠️ Custom unmarshaler error handling

Model Operations (74.4%)

Covered:

• ✅ marshal - Field filtering, omitempty, format switching
• ⚠️ unmarshal - Basic unmarshaling, version extraction

Partially Covered:

• ⚠️ unmarshal (60.6%) - Complex error scenarios
  • Custom unmarshaler failures
  • Invalid field types
  • Non-addressable fields
  • Marshaling errors in unmarshal flow

Utilities (100.0%)

Covered:

• ✅ isEmptyValue - All Go types
  • Strings, arrays, slices, maps
  • Booleans
  • Integer types (int, int8, int16, int32, int64)
  • Unsigned integers (uint, uint8, uint16, uint32, uint64)
  • Floating point (float32, float64)
  • Interfaces and pointers

Viewing Coverage

# Generate coverage report
go test -coverprofile=coverage.out

# View in browser
go tool cover -html=coverage.out

# View in terminal
go tool cover -func=coverage.out

# Coverage by function
go tool cover -func=coverage.out | grep -E "(version|encoding|model)"

---

Thread Safety

Concurrency Testing

All operations are tested for thread safety using Go's race detector:

CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race

Race Detection Results: 0 race conditions detected

Thread-Safe Components

Model Operations

• ✅ marshal - Stateless, read-only reflection
• ✅ unmarshal - Modifies target struct only
• ✅ No shared mutable state

Version Comparison

• ✅ Pure functions, no side effects
• ✅ Regex compilation cached globally (read-only)
• ✅ No synchronization needed

Encoding

• ✅ Delegates to standard libraries (thread-safe)
• ✅ No package-level mutable state
• ✅ Each operation independent

Concurrency Primitives

The package uses:

• Stateless Operations: All functions are pure or have isolated state
• Read-Only Globals: Only versionRegex and SupportedFormats (immutable)
• No Synchronization: Not needed due to stateless design

---

Test File Organization

File Structure

retro/
├── suite_test.go           # Test suite entry point (39 lines)
├── format_test.go          # Format validation (96 lines, ~15 specs)
├── utils_test.go           # Utility functions (256 lines, ~20 specs)
├── version_test.go         # Version logic (468 lines, ~50 specs)
├── model_test.go           # Model operations (530 lines, ~35 specs)
└── retro_test.go           # Integration tests (578 lines, ~36 specs)

Test Organization

File	Purpose	Specs	Lines
suite_test.go	Ginkgo suite setup	1	39
format_test.go	Format validation	~15	96
utils_test.go	Empty value detection	~20	256
version_test.go	Version comparison	~50	468
model_test.go	Marshal/Unmarshal	~35	530
retro_test.go	Integration tests	~36	578
Total		156	1,967

---

Writing Tests

Test Template

package retro_test

import (
    . "github.com/onsi/ginkgo/v2"
    . "github.com/onsi/gomega"
)

var _ = Describe("Component", func() {
    var (
        component ComponentType
    )
    
    BeforeEach(func() {
        // Setup
        component = NewComponent()
    })
    
    Describe("Method", func() {
        Context("when valid input", func() {
            It("should return expected result", func() {
                result := component.Method(input)
                Expect(result).To(Equal(expected))
            })
        })
        
        Context("when invalid input", func() {
            It("should return error", func() {
                result := component.Method(invalidInput)
                Expect(result).To(BeNil())
            })
        })
    })
})

Guidelines

1. Use Descriptive Names

   // Good
   It("should include field when version matches constraint", func() {})
   
   // Bad
   It("should work", func() {})
   

2. Test One Thing Per Spec

   // Good
   It("should parse >= operator correctly", func() {
       op, ver := parseOperator(">=v1.0.0")
       Expect(op).To(Equal(">="))
   })
   
   // Bad
   It("should parse all operators", func() {
       // Tests multiple operators in one spec
   })
   

3. Use Appropriate Matchers

   Expect(value).To(Equal(expected))        // Exact match
   Expect(value).To(BeTrue())               // Boolean
   Expect(value).To(HaveLen(5))             // Length check
   Expect(func()).ToNot(Panic())            // Panic check
   Expect(err).To(HaveOccurred())           // Error check
   

4. Test Edge Cases

   Context("when version is empty", func() {})
   Context("when version is 'default'", func() {})
   Context("when constraint has invalid operator", func() {})
   

5. Use Table-Driven Tests

   DescribeTable("version comparison",
       func(v1, v2 string, expected int) {
           result := compareVersions(v1, v2)
           Expect(result).To(Equal(expected))
       },
       Entry("v1 < v2", "1.0.0", "2.0.0", -1),
       Entry("v1 == v2", "1.0.0", "1.0.0", 0),
       Entry("v1 > v2", "2.0.0", "1.0.0", 1),
   )
   

---

Best Practices

Test Independence

✅ DO: Isolate test state

BeforeEach(func() {
    model = retro.Model[TestStruct]{}  // Fresh instance per test
})

❌ DON'T: Share state between tests

var model = retro.Model[TestStruct]{}  // Shared across all tests

Test Data

✅ DO: Use realistic test data

user := User{
    Version: "v1.5.0",
    Name:    "Alice",
    Email:   "alice@example.com",
}

❌ DON'T: Use placeholder data

user := User{
    Version: "v1",
    Name:    "test",
}

Assertions

✅ DO: Use specific matchers

Expect(version).To(Equal("v1.0.0"))

❌ DON'T: Use generic matchers

Expect(version).ToNot(BeEmpty())

Version Testing

✅ DO: Test all constraint types

Context("with >= constraint", func() {})
Context("with < constraint", func() {})
Context("with range constraint", func() {})

❌ DON'T: Only test happy paths

It("should work", func() {
    Expect(isVersionSupported("v1.0.0", ">=v1.0.0")).To(BeTrue())
})

Error Handling

✅ DO: Test error paths

Context("when version format is invalid", func() {
    It("should return false", func() {
        result := isValidVersion("invalid")
        Expect(result).To(BeFalse())
    })
})

❌ DON'T: Only test success cases

It("should validate version", func() {
    Expect(isValidVersion("v1.0.0")).To(BeTrue())
})

---

Troubleshooting

Common Issues

1. Stale Coverage Data

# Problem: Old coverage data
# Solution: Remove old files
rm -f coverage.out
go test -coverprofile=coverage.out

2. Test Failures

# Problem: Tests fail unexpectedly
# Solution: Run with verbose output
go test -v

# Check specific test
go test -run TestModel_MarshalJSON -v

3. Race Conditions

# Problem: Race detector reports issues
# Solution: Fix shared state access
CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race -v

4. CGO Not Enabled

# Problem: Race detector requires CGO
# Solution: Enable CGO
export CGO_ENABLED=1
go test -race

5. Test Timeouts

# Problem: Tests hang or timeout
# Solution: Increase timeout
go test -timeout 30s

Debugging Tests

# Run specific test
ginkgo --focus="should parse operator" -v

# Skip tests
ginkgo --skip="YAML" -v

# Print test names
ginkgo --dry-run

# Debug with delve
dlv test github.com/nabbar/golib/retro

---

CI Integration

GitHub Actions

name: Tests

on: [push, pull_request]

jobs:
  test:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    steps:
      - uses: actions/checkout@v3
      
      - name: Set up Go
        uses: actions/setup-go@v4
        with:
          go-version: '1.21'
      
      - name: Run tests
        run: |
          cd retro
          go test -v -coverprofile=coverage.out
      
      - name: Race detection
        run: |
          cd retro
          CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race
      
      - name: Upload coverage
        uses: codecov/codecov-action@v3
        with:
          files: ./retro/coverage.out

GitLab CI

test:
  image: golang:1.21
  script:
    - cd retro
    - go test -v -coverprofile=coverage.out
    - CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race
  coverage: '/total:.*?(\d+\.\d+)%/'
  artifacts:
    reports:
      coverage_report:
        coverage_format: cobertura
        path: retro/coverage.out

Pre-commit Hook

#!/bin/bash
# .git/hooks/pre-commit

cd retro
echo "Running tests..."
go test

if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "Tests failed. Commit aborted."
    exit 1
fi

echo "Running race detector..."
CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race

if [ $? -ne 0 ]; then
    echo "Race conditions detected. Commit aborted."
    exit 1
fi

echo "All tests passed!"

---

Quality Checklist

Before submitting code, ensure:

• All tests pass: go test
• Coverage maintained: go test -cover (≥80%)
• No race conditions: CGO_ENABLED=1 go test -race
• Code formatted: go fmt ./...
• Linter clean: go vet ./...
• Documentation updated: GoDoc comments
• Examples provided: For new features
• Edge cases tested: Nil, empty, invalid inputs
• Error paths tested: All error returns
• Version constraints tested: All operators

---

Resources

Testing Frameworks

• Ginkgo - BDD testing framework
• Gomega - Matcher library
• Go Testing Package

Go Testing

• Go Race Detector
• Go Coverage
• Table Driven Tests

Best Practices

• Effective Go
• Go Code Review Comments

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AI Transparency Notice

In accordance with Article 50.4 of the EU AI Act, AI assistance has been used for testing, documentation, and bug fixing under human supervision.