* optimize: Change Settings to allow InitialLocation
This modifies Settings to allow specifying an initial location and properties of the function (value, gradient, etc.). This allows to work with local optimizers that are seeded with initial settings. This has two fields that must be specified, InitX and InitValues. Ideally this would only be one location, but the difficulty is that the default value of the function is 0. We either must require the user to specify it is set (in this case that InitValues is non-zero), or require the user to change the default value away if it is not set. The former seems much safer.
* optimize: completely overhaul Global
The previous implementation of Global was a minefield for incorrectly implementing global optimization methods. It was very difficult to correctly implement methods (both of the provided methods were incorrect), and the resulting code is very ugly. This commit switches to use channels to communicate, allowing a more clear ordering of concurrent code. This also enables better shutdown of methods.
In addition to the main fix of Global, this refactors the two Global methods to use the updated interface, and makes some small improvements that were previously not possible. In addition, there are some small cleanups of Local to better match between the two calls.
If anyone has been curious about what is meant by 'Don't communicate by sharing memory, share memory by communicating' this is it, and why.
* respond to PR comments
* make constants
* simplify termination logic
* optimize: simplify stats collection
* overhaul documentation and respond to PR comments
* implement PR requests
* clean up cmaes
