diff --git a/pkg/avframe.go b/pkg/avframe.go
index 1e1772c..9275868 100644
--- a/pkg/avframe.go
+++ b/pkg/avframe.go
@@ -140,11 +140,11 @@ func (b *BaseSample) GetCTS32() uint32 {
 	return uint32(b.CTS / time.Millisecond)
 }
 
-func (b *BaseSample) GetNalus() *util.ReuseArray[util.Memory] {
+func (b *BaseSample) GetNalus() *Nalus {
 	if b.Raw == nil {
 		b.Raw = &Nalus{}
 	}
-	return b.Raw.(*util.ReuseArray[util.Memory])
+	return b.Raw.(*Nalus)
 }
 
 func (b *BaseSample) GetAudioData() *AudioData {
diff --git a/pkg/util/index.go b/pkg/util/index.go
index 1860e96..2770da1 100644
--- a/pkg/util/index.go
+++ b/pkg/util/index.go
@@ -114,9 +114,11 @@ func (s *ReuseArray[T]) Reduce() ReuseArray[T] {
 }
 
 func (s *ReuseArray[T]) Remove(item *T) bool {
-	for i := range *s {
+	count := s.Count()
+	for i := range count {
 		if &(*s)[i] == item {
 			*s = append((*s)[:i], (*s)[i+1:]...)
+			*s = append(*s, *item)[:count-1]
 			return true
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/plugin/rtmp/pkg/video.go b/plugin/rtmp/pkg/video.go
index b2c62ec..d92baa1 100644
--- a/plugin/rtmp/pkg/video.go
+++ b/plugin/rtmp/pkg/video.go
@@ -286,8 +286,8 @@ func (avcc *VideoFrame) Demux() error {
 }
 
 func (avcc *VideoFrame) muxOld26x(codecID VideoCodecID, fromBase *Sample) {
-	nalus := fromBase.Raw.(*Nalus)
-	avcc.InitRecycleIndexes(len(*nalus)) // Recycle partial data
+	nalus := fromBase.GetNalus()
+	avcc.InitRecycleIndexes(nalus.Count()) // Recycle partial data
 	head := avcc.NextN(5)
 	head[0] = util.Conditional[byte](fromBase.IDR, 0x10, 0x20) | byte(codecID)
 	head[1] = 1
@@ -296,6 +296,9 @@ func (avcc *VideoFrame) muxOld26x(codecID VideoCodecID, fromBase *Sample) {
 		naluLenM := avcc.NextN(4)
 		naluLen := uint32(nalu.Size)
 		binary.BigEndian.PutUint32(naluLenM, naluLen)
+		if nalu.Size != len(util.ConcatBuffers(nalu.Buffers)) {
+			panic("nalu size mismatch")
+		}
 		avcc.Push(nalu.Buffers...)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/plugin/rtp/pkg/audio.go b/plugin/rtp/pkg/audio.go
index 110ecd3..cf93adc 100644
--- a/plugin/rtp/pkg/audio.go
+++ b/plugin/rtp/pkg/audio.go
@@ -320,9 +320,8 @@ func (r *AudioFrame) Mux(from *Sample) (err error) {
 			ctx.PayloadType = 8
 			ctx.ClockRate = uint32(ctx.SampleRate)
 			r.ICodecCtx = &ctx
-		} else {
-			ctx = &r.ICodecCtx.(*PCMACtx).RTPCtx
 		}
+		ctx = &r.ICodecCtx.(*PCMACtx).RTPCtx
 	case *codec.PCMUCtx:
 		if r.ICodecCtx == nil {
 			var ctx PCMUCtx
@@ -332,9 +331,8 @@ func (r *AudioFrame) Mux(from *Sample) (err error) {
 			ctx.PayloadType = 0
 			ctx.ClockRate = uint32(ctx.SampleRate)
 			r.ICodecCtx = &ctx
-		} else {
-			ctx = &r.ICodecCtx.(*PCMUCtx).RTPCtx
 		}
+		ctx = &r.ICodecCtx.(*PCMUCtx).RTPCtx
 	}
 	pts := uint32(from.Timestamp * time.Duration(ctx.ClockRate) / time.Second)
 	if reader := data.NewReader(); reader.Length > MTUSize {
diff --git a/plugin/rtp/pkg/video.go b/plugin/rtp/pkg/video.go
index 9904c59..8c71e18 100644
--- a/plugin/rtp/pkg/video.go
+++ b/plugin/rtp/pkg/video.go
@@ -61,12 +61,6 @@ const (
 	MTUSize      = 1460
 )
 
-func (r *VideoFrame) Parse(data IAVFrame) (err error) {
-	input := data.(*VideoFrame)
-	r.Packets = append(r.Packets[:0], input.Packets...)
-	return
-}
-
 func (r *VideoFrame) Recycle() {
 	r.RecyclableMemory.Recycle()
 	r.Packets.Reset()
@@ -98,10 +92,10 @@ func (r *VideoFrame) CheckCodecChange() (err error) {
 			switch nalType {
 			case h264parser.NALU_SPS:
 				sps = nalu.ToBytes()
-				defer nalus.Remove(nalu)
+				//TODO: defer nalus.Remove(nalu)
 			case h264parser.NALU_PPS:
 				pps = nalu.ToBytes()
-				defer nalus.Remove(nalu)
+				//TODO: defer nalus.Remove(nalu)
 			case codec.NALU_IDR_Picture:
 				r.IDR = true
 			}
@@ -377,13 +371,8 @@ func (r *VideoFrame) Demux() (err error) {
 	switch c := r.ICodecCtx.(type) {
 	case *H264Ctx:
 		nalus := r.GetNalus()
-		nalu := nalus.GetNextPointer()
+		var nalu *util.Memory
 		var naluType codec.H264NALUType
-		gotNalu := func() {
-			if nalu.Size > 0 {
-				nalu = nalus.GetNextPointer()
-			}
-		}
 		for packet := range r.Packets.RangePoint {
 			if len(packet.Payload) < 2 {
 				continue
@@ -393,8 +382,7 @@ func (r *VideoFrame) Demux() (err error) {
 			}
 			b0 := packet.Payload[0]
 			if t := codec.ParseH264NALUType(b0); t < 24 {
-				nalu.PushOne(packet.Payload)
-				gotNalu()
+				nalus.GetNextPointer().PushOne(packet.Payload)
 			} else {
 				offset := t.Offset()
 				switch t {
@@ -404,8 +392,7 @@ func (r *VideoFrame) Demux() (err error) {
 					}
 					for buffer := util.Buffer(packet.Payload[offset:]); buffer.CanRead(); {
 						if nextSize := int(buffer.ReadUint16()); buffer.Len() >= nextSize {
-							nalu.PushOne(buffer.ReadN(nextSize))
-							gotNalu()
+							nalus.GetNextPointer().PushOne(buffer.ReadN(nextSize))
 						} else {
 							return fmt.Errorf("invalid nalu size %d", nextSize)
 						}
@@ -413,23 +400,23 @@ func (r *VideoFrame) Demux() (err error) {
 				case codec.NALU_FUA, codec.NALU_FUB:
 					b1 := packet.Payload[1]
 					if util.Bit1(b1, 0) {
+						nalu = nalus.GetNextPointer()
 						naluType.Parse(b1)
 						nalu.PushOne([]byte{naluType.Or(b0 & 0x60)})
 					}
 					if nalu.Size > 0 {
 						nalu.PushOne(packet.Payload[offset:])
+						if util.Bit1(b1, 1) {
+							// 结束位
+						}
 					} else {
 						continue
 					}
-					if util.Bit1(b1, 1) {
-						gotNalu()
-					}
 				default:
 					return fmt.Errorf("unsupported nalu type %d", t)
 				}
 			}
 		}
-		nalus.Reduce()
 		return nil
 	case *H265Ctx:
 		nalus := r.GetNalus()