diff --git a/go.mod b/go.mod
index 5dde13d..f77fdc4 100644
--- a/go.mod
+++ b/go.mod
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ require (
 	github.com/nats-io/nats.go v1.33.1
 	github.com/nsqio/go-nsq v1.1.0
 	github.com/rabbitmq/amqp091-go v1.9.0
-	github.com/singchia/geminio v1.1.6-rc.1
+	github.com/singchia/geminio v1.1.6-rc.2
 	github.com/singchia/go-timer/v2 v2.2.1
 	github.com/soheilhy/cmux v0.1.5
 	github.com/spf13/pflag v1.0.5
diff --git a/go.sum b/go.sum
index 4037ba6..a9b1dac 100644
--- a/go.sum
+++ b/go.sum
@@ -133,8 +133,8 @@ github.com/rcrowley/go-metrics v0.0.0-20201227073835-cf1acfcdf475/go.mod h1:bCqn
 github.com/redis/go-redis/v9 v9.5.1 h1:H1X4D3yHPaYrkL5X06Wh6xNVM/pX0Ft4RV0vMGvLBh8=
 github.com/redis/go-redis/v9 v9.5.1/go.mod h1:hdY0cQFCN4fnSYT6TkisLufl/4W5UIXyv0b/CLO2V2M=
 github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.10.0 h1:TMyTOH3F/DB16zRVcYyreMH6GnZZrwQVAoYjRBZyWFQ=
-github.com/singchia/geminio v1.1.6-rc.1 h1:CJzpReZM01ePnRxtzEn5Y87QQcx079Mbyj50rojK24A=
-github.com/singchia/geminio v1.1.6-rc.1/go.mod h1:CmDttmY18CGhpmeiVeGEBLXYKHIOoN3MSaEDMzfSOXA=
+github.com/singchia/geminio v1.1.6-rc.2 h1:MElZfy8nTCDG6a4nlhJYd7vbeuUUn3+0hCif5iwXfO8=
+github.com/singchia/geminio v1.1.6-rc.2/go.mod h1:CmDttmY18CGhpmeiVeGEBLXYKHIOoN3MSaEDMzfSOXA=
 github.com/singchia/go-timer/v2 v2.0.3/go.mod h1:PgkEQc6io8slCUiT5rHzWKU4/P2HXHWk3WWfijZXAf4=
 github.com/singchia/go-timer/v2 v2.2.1 h1:gJucmL99fkuNzGk2AfNPFpa1X3/4+aGO21KkjFAG624=
 github.com/singchia/go-timer/v2 v2.2.1/go.mod h1:PgkEQc6io8slCUiT5rHzWKU4/P2HXHWk3WWfijZXAf4=
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/apis/interface.go b/pkg/frontier/apis/interface.go
index 575f87c..31743e4 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/apis/interface.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/apis/interface.go
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@ package apis
 import (
 	"net"
 
-	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/dao"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio"
 )
 
@@ -71,19 +71,19 @@ type ServiceInformer interface {
 // repo
 type Repo interface {
 	Close() error
-	CountEdgeRPCs(query *dao.EdgeRPCQuery) (int64, error)
-	CountEdges(query *dao.EdgeQuery) (int64, error)
-	CountServiceRPCs(query *dao.ServiceRPCQuery) (int64, error)
-	CountServiceTopics(query *dao.ServiceTopicQuery) (int64, error)
-	CountServices(query *dao.ServiceQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountEdgeRPCs(query *query.EdgeRPCQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountEdges(query *query.EdgeQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountServiceRPCs(query *query.ServiceRPCQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountServiceTopics(query *query.ServiceTopicQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountServices(query *query.ServiceQuery) (int64, error)
 	CreateEdge(edge *model.Edge) error
 	CreateEdgeRPC(rpc *model.EdgeRPC) error
 	CreateService(service *model.Service) error
 	CreateServiceRPC(rpc *model.ServiceRPC) error
 	CreateServiceTopic(topic *model.ServiceTopic) error
-	DeleteEdge(delete *dao.EdgeDelete) error
+	DeleteEdge(delete *query.EdgeDelete) error
 	DeleteEdgeRPCs(edgeID uint64) error
-	DeleteService(delete *dao.ServiceDelete) error
+	DeleteService(delete *query.ServiceDelete) error
 	DeleteServiceRPCs(serviceID uint64) error
 	DeleteServiceTopics(serviceID uint64) error
 	GetEdge(edgeID uint64) (*model.Edge, error)
@@ -91,11 +91,11 @@ type Repo interface {
 	GetServiceByName(name string) (*model.Service, error)
 	GetServiceRPC(rpc string) (*model.ServiceRPC, error)
 	GetServiceTopic(topic string) (*model.ServiceTopic, error)
-	ListEdgeRPCs(query *dao.EdgeRPCQuery) ([]string, error)
-	ListEdges(query *dao.EdgeQuery) ([]*model.Edge, error)
-	ListServiceRPCs(query *dao.ServiceRPCQuery) ([]string, error)
-	ListServiceTopics(query *dao.ServiceTopicQuery) ([]string, error)
-	ListServices(query *dao.ServiceQuery) ([]*model.Service, error)
+	ListEdgeRPCs(query *query.EdgeRPCQuery) ([]string, error)
+	ListEdges(query *query.EdgeQuery) ([]*model.Edge, error)
+	ListServiceRPCs(query *query.ServiceRPCQuery) ([]string, error)
+	ListServiceTopics(query *query.ServiceTopicQuery) ([]string, error)
+	ListServices(query *query.ServiceQuery) ([]*model.Service, error)
 }
 
 // mq manager and mq related
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/edge_service.go b/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/edge_service.go
index 241d0b0..7302203 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/edge_service.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/edge_service.go
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"context"
 
 	v1 "github.com/singchia/frontier/api/controlplane/frontier/v1"
-	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/dao"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 )
 
 func (cps *ControlPlaneService) listEdges(_ context.Context, req *v1.ListEdgesRequest) (*v1.ListEdgesResponse, error) {
-	query := &dao.EdgeQuery{}
+	query := &query.EdgeQuery{}
 	// conditions
 	if req.Meta != nil {
 		query.Meta = *req.Meta
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ func (cps *ControlPlaneService) kickEdge(_ context.Context, req *v1.KickEdgeRequ
 }
 
 func (cps *ControlPlaneService) listEdgeRPCs(_ context.Context, req *v1.ListEdgeRPCsRequest) (*v1.ListEdgeRPCsResponse, error) {
-	query := &dao.EdgeRPCQuery{}
+	query := &query.EdgeRPCQuery{}
 	// conditions
 	if req.EdgeId != nil {
 		query.EdgeID = *req.EdgeId
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/service_service.go b/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/service_service.go
index b52e21f..a7646b7 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/service_service.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/controlplane/service/service_service.go
@@ -4,12 +4,12 @@ import (
 	"context"
 
 	v1 "github.com/singchia/frontier/api/controlplane/frontier/v1"
-	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/dao"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 )
 
 func (cps *ControlPlaneService) listServices(_ context.Context, req *v1.ListServicesRequest) (*v1.ListServicesResponse, error) {
-	query := &dao.ServiceQuery{}
+	query := &query.ServiceQuery{}
 	// conditions
 	if req.Service != nil {
 		query.Service = *req.Service
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ func (cps *ControlPlaneService) kickService(_ context.Context, req *v1.KickServi
 }
 
 func (cps *ControlPlaneService) listServiceRPCs(_ context.Context, req *v1.ListServiceRPCsRequest) (*v1.ListServiceRPCsResponse, error) {
-	query := &dao.ServiceRPCQuery{}
+	query := &query.ServiceRPCQuery{}
 	// conditions
 	if req.ServiceId != nil {
 		query.ServiceID = *req.ServiceId
@@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ func (cps *ControlPlaneService) listServiceRPCs(_ context.Context, req *v1.ListS
 }
 
 func (cps *ControlPlaneService) listServiceTopics(_ context.Context, req *v1.ListServiceTopicsRequest) (*v1.ListServiceTopicsResponse, error) {
-	query := &dao.ServiceTopicQuery{}
+	query := &query.ServiceTopicQuery{}
 	// conditions
 	if req.ServiceId != nil {
 		query.ServiceID = *req.ServiceId
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_manager.go b/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_manager.go
index f223a70..4937300 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_manager.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_manager.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/synchub"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/apis"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/config"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/misc"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/mapmap"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/utils"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio"
@@ -75,6 +76,9 @@ func newEdgeManager(conf *config.Configuration, repo apis.Repo, informer apis.Ed
 		informer:  informer,
 		exchange:  exchange,
 	}
+	if misc.IsNil(informer) {
+		em.informer = nil
+	}
 	exchange.AddEdgebound(em)
 
 	ln, err := utils.Listen(listen)
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_onoff.go b/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_onoff.go
index c3a797d..b6d008d 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_onoff.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/edgebound/edge_onoff.go
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/synchub"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/apis"
-	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/dao"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio/delegate"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
@@ -28,6 +28,7 @@ func (em *edgeManager) online(end geminio.End) error {
 		sync = em.shub.Add(syncKey)
 		if err := oldend.Close(); err != nil {
 			klog.Warningf("edge online, kick off old end err: %s, edgeID: %d", err, end.ClientID())
+			em.shub.Cancel(syncKey, false)
 		}
 	}
 	em.edges[end.ClientID()] = end
@@ -84,7 +85,7 @@ func (em *edgeManager) offline(edgeID uint64, addr net.Addr) error {
 	}()
 
 	// memdb
-	if err := em.repo.DeleteEdge(&dao.EdgeDelete{
+	if err := em.repo.DeleteEdge(&query.EdgeDelete{
 		EdgeID: edgeID,
 		Addr:   addr.String(),
 	}); err != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/exchange/oob.go b/pkg/frontier/exchange/oob.go
index 15b6dc8..3feb3a0 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/exchange/oob.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/exchange/oob.go
@@ -5,8 +5,10 @@ import (
 	"encoding/binary"
 	"encoding/json"
 	"net"
+	"time"
 
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/apis"
+	"github.com/singchia/geminio/options"
 
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
 )
@@ -22,7 +24,9 @@ func (ex *exchange) GetEdgeID(meta []byte) (uint64, error) {
 	}
 	// call service
 	req := svc.NewRequest(meta)
-	rsp, err := svc.Call(context.TODO(), apis.RPCGetEdgeID, req)
+	opt := options.Call()
+	opt.SetTimeout(30 * time.Second)
+	rsp, err := svc.Call(context.TODO(), apis.RPCGetEdgeID, req, opt)
 	if err != nil {
 		klog.V(2).Infof("exchange call service: %d, get edgeID err: %s, meta: %s", svc.ClientID(), err, meta)
 		return 0, err
@@ -57,7 +61,9 @@ func (ex *exchange) EdgeOnline(edgeID uint64, meta []byte, addr net.Addr) error
 	}
 	// call service
 	req := svc.NewRequest(data)
-	_, err = svc.Call(context.TODO(), apis.RPCEdgeOnline, req)
+	opt := options.Call()
+	opt.SetTimeout(30 * time.Second)
+	_, err = svc.Call(context.TODO(), apis.RPCEdgeOnline, req, opt)
 	if err != nil {
 		klog.V(2).Infof("exchange call service: %d, edge online err: %s, meta: %s, addr: %s", svc.ClientID(), err, meta, addr)
 		return err
@@ -88,7 +94,9 @@ func (ex *exchange) EdgeOffline(edgeID uint64, meta []byte, addr net.Addr) error
 	}
 	// call service
 	req := svc.NewRequest(data)
-	_, err = svc.Call(context.TODO(), apis.RPCEdgeOffline, req)
+	opt := options.Call()
+	opt.SetTimeout(30 * time.Second)
+	_, err = svc.Call(context.TODO(), apis.RPCEdgeOffline, req, opt)
 	if err != nil {
 		klog.V(2).Infof("exchange call service: %d, edge offline err: %s, meta: %s, addr: %s", svc.ClientID(), err, meta, addr)
 		return err
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao.go
index 1aa315d..a2911d8 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao.go
@@ -3,63 +3,46 @@ package dao
 import (
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/config"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
-	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
-	"gorm.io/gorm"
-	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 )
 
-type Dao struct {
-	dbEdge, dbService *gorm.DB
-
-	// config
-	config config.Configuration
+type Dao interface {
+	Close() error
+	CountEdgeRPCs(query *query.EdgeRPCQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountEdges(query *query.EdgeQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountServiceRPCs(query *query.ServiceRPCQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountServiceTopics(query *query.ServiceTopicQuery) (int64, error)
+	CountServices(query *query.ServiceQuery) (int64, error)
+	CreateEdge(edge *model.Edge) error
+	CreateEdgeRPC(rpc *model.EdgeRPC) error
+	CreateService(service *model.Service) error
+	CreateServiceRPC(rpc *model.ServiceRPC) error
+	CreateServiceTopic(topic *model.ServiceTopic) error
+	DeleteEdge(delete *query.EdgeDelete) error
+	DeleteEdgeRPCs(edgeID uint64) error
+	DeleteService(delete *query.ServiceDelete) error
+	DeleteServiceRPCs(serviceID uint64) error
+	DeleteServiceTopics(serviceID uint64) error
+	GetEdge(edgeID uint64) (*model.Edge, error)
+	GetService(serviceID uint64) (*model.Service, error)
+	GetServiceByName(name string) (*model.Service, error)
+	GetServiceRPC(rpc string) (*model.ServiceRPC, error)
+	GetServiceTopic(topic string) (*model.ServiceTopic, error)
+	ListEdgeRPCs(query *query.EdgeRPCQuery) ([]string, error)
+	ListEdges(query *query.EdgeQuery) ([]*model.Edge, error)
+	ListServiceRPCs(query *query.ServiceRPCQuery) ([]string, error)
+	ListServiceTopics(query *query.ServiceTopicQuery) ([]string, error)
+	ListServices(query *query.ServiceQuery) ([]*model.Service, error)
 }
 
-func NewDao(config *config.Configuration) (*Dao, error) {
-	// we split edge and service sqlite3 memory databases, since the concurrent
-	// writes perform bad, see https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/274
-
-	// edget bound models
-	dbEdge, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open("file:edge?mode=memory&cache=shared"))
-	if err != nil {
-		klog.Errorf("dao open edge sqlite3 err: %s", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	sqlDB, err := dbEdge.DB()
-	if err != nil {
-		klog.Errorf("get edge DB err: %s", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
-	if err = dbEdge.AutoMigrate(&model.Edge{}, &model.EdgeRPC{}); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-
-	// service bound models
-	dbService, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open("file:service?mode=memory&cache=shared"))
-	if err != nil {
-		klog.Errorf("dao open service sqlite3 err: %s", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	sqlDB, err = dbService.DB()
-	if err != nil {
-		klog.Errorf("get service DB err: %s", err)
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(1)
-	if err = dbService.AutoMigrate(&model.Service{}, &model.ServiceRPC{}, &model.ServiceTopic{}); err != nil {
-		return nil, err
-	}
-	return &Dao{
-		dbEdge:    dbEdge,
-		dbService: dbService,
-	}, nil
+type dao struct {
+	config *config.Configuration
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) Close() error {
-	sqlDB, err := dao.dbEdge.DB()
-	if err != nil {
-		return err
-	}
-	return sqlDB.Close()
+func NewDao(config *config.Configuration) (Dao, error) {
+	return nil, nil
+}
+
+func (dao *dao) Close() error {
+	return nil
 }
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8d19bce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao.go
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+package memsqlite
+
+import (
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/config"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"gorm.io/driver/sqlite"
+	"gorm.io/gorm"
+	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
+)
+
+type dao struct {
+	dbEdge, dbService *gorm.DB
+
+	// config
+	config config.Configuration
+}
+
+func NewDao(config *config.Configuration) (*dao, error) {
+	// we split edge and service sqlite3 memory databases, since the concurrent
+	// writes perform bad, see https://github.com/mattn/go-sqlite3/issues/274
+
+	// edget bound models
+	dbEdge, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open("file:edge?mode=memory&cache=shared"))
+	if err != nil {
+		klog.Errorf("dao open edge sqlite3 err: %s", err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sqlDB, err := dbEdge.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		klog.Errorf("get edge DB err: %s", err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA synchronous = OFF;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA journal_mode = DELETE;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA cache_size = -2000;") // 2MB cache
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA temp_store = MEMORY;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA locking_mode = EXCLUSIVE;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA mmap_size = 268435456;") // 256MB memory map size
+	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(0)
+	if err = dbEdge.AutoMigrate(&model.Edge{}, &model.EdgeRPC{}); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+
+	// service bound models
+	dbService, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open("file:service?mode=memory&cache=shared"), &gorm.Config{
+		PrepareStmt: true,
+	})
+	if err != nil {
+		klog.Errorf("dao open service sqlite3 err: %s", err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sqlDB, err = dbService.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		klog.Errorf("get service DB err: %s", err)
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA synchronous = OFF;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA journal_mode = DELETE;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA cache_size = -2000;") // 2MB cache
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA temp_store = MEMORY;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA locking_mode = EXCLUSIVE;")
+	sqlDB.Exec("PRAGMA mmap_size = 268435456;") // 256MB memory map size
+	sqlDB.SetMaxOpenConns(0)
+	if err = dbService.AutoMigrate(&model.Service{}, &model.ServiceRPC{}, &model.ServiceTopic{}); err != nil {
+		return nil, err
+	}
+	return &dao{
+		dbEdge:    dbEdge,
+		dbService: dbService,
+	}, nil
+}
+
+func (dao *dao) Close() error {
+	sqlDB, err := dao.dbEdge.DB()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return sqlDB.Close()
+}
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_edge.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_edge.go
similarity index 78%
rename from pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_edge.go
rename to pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_edge.go
index 8504e31..f8be86f 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_edge.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_edge.go
@@ -1,21 +1,13 @@
-package dao
+package memsqlite
 
 import (
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 )
 
-type EdgeQuery struct {
-	Query
-	// Condition fields
-	Meta   string
-	Addr   string
-	RPC    string
-	EdgeID uint64
-}
-
-func (dao *Dao) ListEdges(query *EdgeQuery) ([]*model.Edge, error) {
+func (dao *dao) ListEdges(query *query.EdgeQuery) ([]*model.Edge, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge.Model(&model.Edge{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -46,7 +38,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) ListEdges(query *EdgeQuery) ([]*model.Edge, error) {
 	return edges, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CountEdges(query *EdgeQuery) (int64, error) {
+func (dao *dao) CountEdges(query *query.EdgeQuery) (int64, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge.Model(&model.Edge{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -58,7 +50,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CountEdges(query *EdgeQuery) (int64, error) {
 	return count, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) GetEdge(edgeID uint64) (*model.Edge, error) {
+func (dao *dao) GetEdge(edgeID uint64) (*model.Edge, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge.Model(&model.Edge{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -70,12 +62,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) GetEdge(edgeID uint64) (*model.Edge, error) {
 	return &edge, tx.Error
 }
 
-type EdgeDelete struct {
-	EdgeID uint64
-	Addr   string
-}
-
-func (dao *Dao) DeleteEdge(delete *EdgeDelete) error {
+func (dao *dao) DeleteEdge(delete *query.EdgeDelete) error {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -84,7 +71,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) DeleteEdge(delete *EdgeDelete) error {
 	return tx.Delete(&model.Edge{}).Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CreateEdge(edge *model.Edge) error {
+func (dao *dao) CreateEdge(edge *model.Edge) error {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -92,7 +79,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CreateEdge(edge *model.Edge) error {
 	return tx.Create(edge).Error
 }
 
-func buildEdgeQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *EdgeQuery) *gorm.DB {
+func buildEdgeQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *query.EdgeQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	// join
 	if query.RPC != "" {
 		tx = tx.InnerJoins("INNER JOIN edge_rpcs ON edges.edge_id = edge_rpcs.edge_id AND service_rpcs.rpc = ?", query.RPC)
@@ -115,7 +102,7 @@ func buildEdgeQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *EdgeQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	return tx
 }
 
-func buildEdgeDelete(tx *gorm.DB, delete *EdgeDelete) *gorm.DB {
+func buildEdgeDelete(tx *gorm.DB, delete *query.EdgeDelete) *gorm.DB {
 	if delete.EdgeID != 0 {
 		tx = tx.Where("edge_id = ?", delete.EdgeID)
 	}
@@ -125,14 +112,7 @@ func buildEdgeDelete(tx *gorm.DB, delete *EdgeDelete) *gorm.DB {
 	return tx
 }
 
-type EdgeRPCQuery struct {
-	Query
-	// Condition fields
-	Meta   string
-	EdgeID uint64
-}
-
-func (dao *Dao) ListEdgeRPCs(query *EdgeRPCQuery) ([]string, error) {
+func (dao *dao) ListEdgeRPCs(query *query.EdgeRPCQuery) ([]string, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge.Model(&model.EdgeRPC{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -163,7 +143,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) ListEdgeRPCs(query *EdgeRPCQuery) ([]string, error) {
 	return rpcs, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CountEdgeRPCs(query *EdgeRPCQuery) (int64, error) {
+func (dao *dao) CountEdgeRPCs(query *query.EdgeRPCQuery) (int64, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge.Model(&model.EdgeRPC{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -176,7 +156,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CountEdgeRPCs(query *EdgeRPCQuery) (int64, error) {
 	return count, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) DeleteEdgeRPCs(edgeID uint64) error {
+func (dao *dao) DeleteEdgeRPCs(edgeID uint64) error {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge.Where("edge_id = ?", edgeID)
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -184,7 +164,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) DeleteEdgeRPCs(edgeID uint64) error {
 	return tx.Delete(&model.EdgeRPC{}).Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CreateEdgeRPC(rpc *model.EdgeRPC) error {
+func (dao *dao) CreateEdgeRPC(rpc *model.EdgeRPC) error {
 	tx := dao.dbEdge
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -192,7 +172,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CreateEdgeRPC(rpc *model.EdgeRPC) error {
 	return tx.Create(rpc).Error
 }
 
-func buildEdgeRPCQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *EdgeRPCQuery) *gorm.DB {
+func buildEdgeRPCQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *query.EdgeRPCQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	// join
 	if query.Meta != "" {
 		tx = tx.InnerJoins("INNER JOIN edges ON edges.edge_id = edge_rpcs.edge_id AND meta LIKE ?", "%"+query.Meta+"%")
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_edge_test.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_edge_test.go
similarity index 94%
rename from pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_edge_test.go
rename to pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_edge_test.go
index 549190a..bc5a501 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_edge_test.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_edge_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package dao
+package memsqlite
 
 import (
 	"encoding/json"
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/config"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 )
 
 func TestCreateEdge(t *testing.T) {
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ func TestCountEdges(t *testing.T) {
 		}
 	}
 
-	c, err := dao.CountEdges(&EdgeQuery{
+	c, err := dao.CountEdges(&query.EdgeQuery{
 		Meta: "test",
 	})
 	if err != nil {
@@ -182,9 +183,9 @@ func BenchmarkListEdges(b *testing.B) {
 		for p.Next() {
 			pageSize := 10
 			page := rand.Intn(count/pageSize) + 1
-			clients, err := dao.ListEdges(&EdgeQuery{
+			clients, err := dao.ListEdges(&query.EdgeQuery{
 				Meta: "test",
-				Query: Query{
+				Query: query.Query{
 					PageSize: pageSize,
 					Page:     page,
 				},
@@ -231,7 +232,7 @@ func BenchmarkDeleteEdge(b *testing.B) {
 	b.RunParallel(func(p *testing.PB) {
 		for p.Next() {
 			new := atomic.AddUint64(&index, 1)
-			err := dao.DeleteEdge(&EdgeDelete{EdgeID: new})
+			err := dao.DeleteEdge(&query.EdgeDelete{EdgeID: new})
 			if err != nil {
 				b.Error(err)
 				return
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_service.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_service.go
similarity index 80%
rename from pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_service.go
rename to pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_service.go
index 9aacb2b..a659e9c 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_service.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_service.go
@@ -1,23 +1,14 @@
-package dao
+package memsqlite
 
 import (
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 	"gorm.io/gorm"
 	"gorm.io/gorm/clause"
 )
 
-type ServiceQuery struct {
-	Query
-	// Condition fields
-	Service   string
-	Addr      string
-	RPC       string
-	Topic     string
-	ServiceID uint64
-}
-
 // service
-func (dao *Dao) ListServices(query *ServiceQuery) ([]*model.Service, error) {
+func (dao *dao) ListServices(query *query.ServiceQuery) ([]*model.Service, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.Service{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -48,7 +39,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) ListServices(query *ServiceQuery) ([]*model.Service, error) {
 	return services, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CountServices(query *ServiceQuery) (int64, error) {
+func (dao *dao) CountServices(query *query.ServiceQuery) (int64, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.Service{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -60,7 +51,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CountServices(query *ServiceQuery) (int64, error) {
 	return count, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) GetService(serviceID uint64) (*model.Service, error) {
+func (dao *dao) GetService(serviceID uint64) (*model.Service, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.Service{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -75,7 +66,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) GetService(serviceID uint64) (*model.Service, error) {
 	return &service, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) GetServiceByName(name string) (*model.Service, error) {
+func (dao *dao) GetServiceByName(name string) (*model.Service, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.Service{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -95,7 +86,7 @@ type ServiceDelete struct {
 	Addr      string
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) DeleteService(delete *ServiceDelete) error {
+func (dao *dao) DeleteService(delete *query.ServiceDelete) error {
 	tx := dao.dbService
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -104,7 +95,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) DeleteService(delete *ServiceDelete) error {
 	return tx.Delete(&model.Service{}).Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CreateService(service *model.Service) error {
+func (dao *dao) CreateService(service *model.Service) error {
 	var tx *gorm.DB
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -113,7 +104,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CreateService(service *model.Service) error {
 	return tx.Error
 }
 
-func buildServiceQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *ServiceQuery) *gorm.DB {
+func buildServiceQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *query.ServiceQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	// join
 	if query.RPC != "" {
 		tx = tx.InnerJoins("INNER JOIN service_rpcs ON services.service_id = service_rpcs.service_id AND service_rpcs.rpc = ?", query.RPC)
@@ -140,7 +131,7 @@ func buildServiceQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *ServiceQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	return tx
 }
 
-func buildServiceDelete(tx *gorm.DB, delete *ServiceDelete) *gorm.DB {
+func buildServiceDelete(tx *gorm.DB, delete *query.ServiceDelete) *gorm.DB {
 	if delete.ServiceID != 0 {
 		tx = tx.Where("service_id = ?", delete.ServiceID)
 	}
@@ -151,14 +142,8 @@ func buildServiceDelete(tx *gorm.DB, delete *ServiceDelete) *gorm.DB {
 }
 
 // service rpc
-type ServiceRPCQuery struct {
-	Query
-	// Condition fields
-	Service   string
-	ServiceID uint64
-}
 
-func (dao *Dao) GetServiceRPC(rpc string) (*model.ServiceRPC, error) {
+func (dao *dao) GetServiceRPC(rpc string) (*model.ServiceRPC, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.ServiceRPC{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -175,7 +160,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) GetServiceRPC(rpc string) (*model.ServiceRPC, error) {
 	return &mrpc, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) ListServiceRPCs(query *ServiceRPCQuery) ([]string, error) {
+func (dao *dao) ListServiceRPCs(query *query.ServiceRPCQuery) ([]string, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.ServiceRPC{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -205,7 +190,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) ListServiceRPCs(query *ServiceRPCQuery) ([]string, error) {
 	return rpcs, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CountServiceRPCs(query *ServiceRPCQuery) (int64, error) {
+func (dao *dao) CountServiceRPCs(query *query.ServiceRPCQuery) (int64, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.ServiceRPC{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -217,7 +202,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CountServiceRPCs(query *ServiceRPCQuery) (int64, error) {
 	return count, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) DeleteServiceRPCs(serviceID uint64) error {
+func (dao *dao) DeleteServiceRPCs(serviceID uint64) error {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Where("service_id = ?", serviceID)
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -225,7 +210,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) DeleteServiceRPCs(serviceID uint64) error {
 	return tx.Delete(&model.ServiceRPC{}).Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CreateServiceRPC(rpc *model.ServiceRPC) error {
+func (dao *dao) CreateServiceRPC(rpc *model.ServiceRPC) error {
 	tx := dao.dbService
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -233,7 +218,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CreateServiceRPC(rpc *model.ServiceRPC) error {
 	return tx.Create(rpc).Error
 }
 
-func buildServiceRPCQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *ServiceRPCQuery) *gorm.DB {
+func buildServiceRPCQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *query.ServiceRPCQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	// join and search
 	if query.Service != "" {
 		tx = tx.InnerJoins("INNER JOIN services ON services.service_id = service_rpcs.service_id AND service LIKE ?", "%"+query.Service+"%")
@@ -250,14 +235,8 @@ func buildServiceRPCQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *ServiceRPCQuery) *gorm.DB {
 }
 
 // service topic
-type ServiceTopicQuery struct {
-	Query
-	// Condition fields
-	Service   string
-	ServiceID uint64
-}
 
-func (dao *Dao) GetServiceTopic(topic string) (*model.ServiceTopic, error) {
+func (dao *dao) GetServiceTopic(topic string) (*model.ServiceTopic, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.ServiceTopic{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -272,7 +251,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) GetServiceTopic(topic string) (*model.ServiceTopic, error) {
 	return &mtopic, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) ListServiceTopics(query *ServiceTopicQuery) ([]string, error) {
+func (dao *dao) ListServiceTopics(query *query.ServiceTopicQuery) ([]string, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.ServiceTopic{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -303,7 +282,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) ListServiceTopics(query *ServiceTopicQuery) ([]string, error) {
 	return topics, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CountServiceTopics(query *ServiceTopicQuery) (int64, error) {
+func (dao *dao) CountServiceTopics(query *query.ServiceTopicQuery) (int64, error) {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Model(&model.ServiceTopic{})
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -315,7 +294,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CountServiceTopics(query *ServiceTopicQuery) (int64, error) {
 	return count, tx.Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) DeleteServiceTopics(serviceID uint64) error {
+func (dao *dao) DeleteServiceTopics(serviceID uint64) error {
 	tx := dao.dbService.Where("service_id = ?", serviceID)
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -323,7 +302,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) DeleteServiceTopics(serviceID uint64) error {
 	return tx.Delete(&model.ServiceTopic{}).Error
 }
 
-func (dao *Dao) CreateServiceTopic(topic *model.ServiceTopic) error {
+func (dao *dao) CreateServiceTopic(topic *model.ServiceTopic) error {
 	tx := dao.dbService
 	if dao.config.Dao.Debug {
 		tx = tx.Debug()
@@ -331,7 +310,7 @@ func (dao *Dao) CreateServiceTopic(topic *model.ServiceTopic) error {
 	return tx.Create(topic).Error
 }
 
-func buildServiceTopicQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *ServiceTopicQuery) *gorm.DB {
+func buildServiceTopicQuery(tx *gorm.DB, query *query.ServiceTopicQuery) *gorm.DB {
 	// join and search
 	if query.Service != "" {
 		tx = tx.InnerJoins("INNER JOIN services ON services.service_id = service_topics.service_id AND service LIKE ?", "%"+query.Service+"%")
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_service_test.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_service_test.go
similarity index 91%
rename from pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_service_test.go
rename to pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_service_test.go
index fff4b50..60d9237 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/dao_service_test.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/memsqlite/dao_service_test.go
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-package dao
+package memsqlite
 
 import (
 	"sync/atomic"
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/config"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 )
 
 func TestListServices(t *testing.T) {
@@ -64,7 +65,7 @@ func TestListServices(t *testing.T) {
 	}
 
 	// list
-	services, err := dao.ListServices(&ServiceQuery{
+	services, err := dao.ListServices(&query.ServiceQuery{
 		RPC:   "foo",
 		Topic: "bar",
 	})
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/utils.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/utils.go
deleted file mode 100644
index 7d420d1..0000000
--- a/pkg/frontier/repo/dao/utils.go
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-package dao
-
-type Query struct {
-	// Pagination
-	Page, PageSize int
-	// Time range
-	StartTime, EndTime int64
-	// Order
-	Order string
-	Desc  bool
-}
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/repo/query/query.go b/pkg/frontier/repo/query/query.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..079b212
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pkg/frontier/repo/query/query.go
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package query
+
+type Query struct {
+	// Pagination
+	Page, PageSize int
+	// Time range
+	StartTime, EndTime int64
+	// Order
+	Order string
+	Desc  bool
+}
+
+type EdgeQuery struct {
+	Query
+	// Condition fields
+	Meta   string
+	Addr   string
+	RPC    string
+	EdgeID uint64
+}
+
+type EdgeRPCQuery struct {
+	Query
+	// Condition fields
+	Meta   string
+	EdgeID uint64
+}
+
+type EdgeDelete struct {
+	EdgeID uint64
+	Addr   string
+}
+
+type ServiceQuery struct {
+	Query
+	// Condition fields
+	Service   string
+	Addr      string
+	RPC       string
+	Topic     string
+	ServiceID uint64
+}
+
+type ServiceDelete struct {
+	ServiceID uint64
+	Addr      string
+}
+
+type ServiceRPCQuery struct {
+	Query
+	// Condition fields
+	Service   string
+	ServiceID uint64
+}
+
+type ServiceTopicQuery struct {
+	Query
+	// Condition fields
+	Service   string
+	ServiceID uint64
+}
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_manager.go b/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_manager.go
index 1ac6181..8f16ea9 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_manager.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_manager.go
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import (
 	"github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/synchub"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/apis"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/config"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/misc"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/mapmap"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/utils"
@@ -78,6 +79,9 @@ func newServiceManager(conf *config.Configuration, repo apis.Repo, informer apis
 		exchange:  exchange,
 		mqm:       mqm,
 	}
+	if misc.IsNil(informer) {
+		sm.informer = nil
+	}
 	exchange.AddServicebound(sm)
 	ln, err := utils.Listen(listen)
 	if err != nil {
diff --git a/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_onoff.go b/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_onoff.go
index 768e455..a371918 100644
--- a/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_onoff.go
+++ b/pkg/frontier/servicebound/service_onoff.go
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@ import (
 
 	"github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/synchub"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/apis"
-	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/dao"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/model"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/pkg/frontier/repo/query"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio/delegate"
 	"k8s.io/klog/v2"
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ func (sm *serviceManager) offline(serviceID uint64, addr net.Addr) error {
 	}()
 
 	// clear memdb
-	if err := sm.repo.DeleteService(&dao.ServiceDelete{
+	if err := sm.repo.DeleteService(&query.ServiceDelete{
 		ServiceID: serviceID,
 		Addr:      addr.String(),
 	}); err != nil {
diff --git a/test/batch/edges/edges.go b/test/batch/edges/edges.go
index 517a9f5..a1b931e 100644
--- a/test/batch/edges/edges.go
+++ b/test/batch/edges/edges.go
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ func main() {
 	network := pflag.String("network", "tcp", "network to dial")
 	address := pflag.String("address", "127.0.0.1:30012", "address to dial")
 	loglevel := pflag.String("loglevel", "info", "log level, trace debug info warn error")
-	count := pflag.Int("count", 10000, "messages to publish")
+	count := pflag.Int("count", 10000, "edges to dial")
 	topic := pflag.String("topic", "test", "topic to specific")
 	nseconds := pflag.Int("nseconds", 10, "publish message every n seconds for every edge")
 
@@ -74,6 +74,7 @@ func main() {
 			mtx.Lock()
 			delete(edges, i)
 			mtx.Unlock()
+			cli.Close()
 		}(i)
 	}
 
diff --git a/test/bench/call/service/call_service.go b/test/bench/call/service/call_service.go
index f7f3535..e022ae2 100644
--- a/test/bench/call/service/call_service.go
+++ b/test/bench/call/service/call_service.go
@@ -6,20 +6,31 @@ import (
 	"log"
 	"net"
 	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
 
 	armlog "github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/log"
 	"github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/sigaction"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/api/dataplane/v1/service"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/test/misc"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio"
+	"github.com/singchia/go-timer/v2"
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 )
 
+var (
+	stats   = map[string]uint64{}
+	updated bool
+	mtx     = sync.RWMutex{}
+)
+
 func main() {
 	network := pflag.String("network", "tcp", "network to dial")
 	address := pflag.String("address", "127.0.0.1:30011", "address to dial")
 	serviceName := pflag.String("service", "foo", "service name")
 	loglevel := pflag.String("loglevel", "info", "log level, trace debug info warn error")
 	printmessage := pflag.Bool("printmessage", false, "whether print message out")
+	printstats := pflag.Bool("printstats", false, "whether print topic stats")
 
 	pflag.Parse()
 	dialer := func() (net.Conn, error) {
@@ -34,6 +45,19 @@ func main() {
 	armlog.SetLevel(level)
 	armlog.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
 
+	if *printstats {
+		t := timer.NewTimer()
+		t.Add(10*time.Second, timer.WithCyclically(), timer.WithHandler(func(e *timer.Event) {
+			mtx.Lock()
+			defer mtx.Unlock()
+			if !updated {
+				return
+			}
+			misc.PrintMap(stats)
+			updated = false
+		}))
+	}
+
 	// get service
 	opt := []service.ServiceOption{service.OptionServiceLog(armlog.DefaultLog), service.OptionServiceName(*serviceName)}
 	svc, err := service.NewService(dialer, opt...)
@@ -44,6 +68,15 @@ func main() {
 	// register
 	svc.Register(context.TODO(), "echo", func(ctx context.Context, req geminio.Request, rsp geminio.Response) {
 		value := req.Data()
+		mtx.Lock()
+		count, ok := stats[req.Method()]
+		if !ok {
+			stats[req.Method()] = 1
+		} else {
+			stats[req.Method()] = count + 1
+		}
+		updated = true
+		mtx.Unlock()
 		if *printmessage {
 			edgeID := req.ClientID()
 			fmt.Printf("\n> call rpc, method: %s edgeID: %d streamID: %d data: %s\n", "echo", edgeID, req.StreamID(), string(value))
diff --git a/test/bench/open/service/open_service.go b/test/bench/open/service/open_service.go
index 62996ee..be1799c 100644
--- a/test/bench/open/service/open_service.go
+++ b/test/bench/open/service/open_service.go
@@ -6,17 +6,23 @@ import (
 	"log"
 	"net"
 	"os"
+	"strconv"
 	"sync"
+	"time"
 
 	armlog "github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/log"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/api/dataplane/v1/service"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/test/misc"
 	"github.com/singchia/geminio"
+	"github.com/singchia/go-timer/v2"
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 )
 
 var (
-	sts = map[uint64]geminio.Stream{}
-	mtx sync.RWMutex
+	sts     = map[uint64]geminio.Stream{} // streamID stream
+	stats   = map[string]uint64{}         // clientID count
+	updated bool
+	mtx     sync.RWMutex
 )
 
 func main() {
@@ -24,6 +30,7 @@ func main() {
 	address := pflag.String("address", "127.0.0.1:30011", "address to dial")
 	serviceName := pflag.String("service", "foo", "service name")
 	loglevel := pflag.String("loglevel", "info", "log level, trace debug info warn error")
+	printstats := pflag.Bool("printstats", false, "whether print topic stats")
 
 	pflag.Parse()
 	dialer := func() (net.Conn, error) {
@@ -38,6 +45,20 @@ func main() {
 	armlog.SetLevel(level)
 	armlog.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
 
+	if *printstats {
+		t := timer.NewTimer()
+		t.Add(10*time.Second, timer.WithCyclically(), timer.WithHandler(func(e *timer.Event) {
+			mtx.Lock()
+			defer mtx.Unlock()
+			if !updated {
+				return
+			}
+			fmt.Printf("\033[2K\r stream number now: %d\n", len(sts))
+			misc.PrintMap(stats)
+			updated = false
+		}))
+	}
+
 	// get service
 	opt := []service.ServiceOption{service.OptionServiceLog(armlog.DefaultLog), service.OptionServiceName(*serviceName)}
 	svc, err := service.NewService(dialer, opt...)
@@ -56,9 +77,16 @@ func main() {
 			fmt.Printf("> accept stream err: %s", err)
 			continue
 		}
+		clientID := strconv.FormatUint(st.ClientID(), 10)
 		mtx.Lock()
 		sts[st.StreamID()] = st
-		fmt.Print("\033[2K\r stream number:", len(sts))
+		count, ok := stats[clientID]
+		if !ok {
+			stats[clientID] = 1
+		} else {
+			stats[clientID] = count + 1
+		}
+		updated = true
 		mtx.Unlock()
 
 		go func(st geminio.Stream) {
@@ -67,8 +95,8 @@ func main() {
 			if err == io.EOF {
 				mtx.Lock()
 				delete(sts, st.StreamID())
+				updated = true
 				mtx.Unlock()
-				fmt.Printf("\033[2K\r stream number: %d", len(sts))
 			}
 		}(st)
 	}
diff --git a/test/bench/publish/service/publish_service.go b/test/bench/publish/service/publish_service.go
index a193712..4b58fc3 100644
--- a/test/bench/publish/service/publish_service.go
+++ b/test/bench/publish/service/publish_service.go
@@ -7,12 +7,22 @@ import (
 	"log"
 	"net"
 	"os"
+	"sync"
+	"time"
 
 	armlog "github.com/jumboframes/armorigo/log"
 	"github.com/singchia/frontier/api/dataplane/v1/service"
+	"github.com/singchia/frontier/test/misc"
+	"github.com/singchia/go-timer/v2"
 	"github.com/spf13/pflag"
 )
 
+var (
+	stats   = map[string]uint64{}
+	updated bool
+	mtx     = sync.RWMutex{}
+)
+
 func main() {
 	network := pflag.String("network", "tcp", "network to dial")
 	address := pflag.String("address", "127.0.0.1:30011", "address to dial")
@@ -20,6 +30,7 @@ func main() {
 	topic := pflag.String("topic", "bench", "topic to specific")
 	loglevel := pflag.String("loglevel", "info", "log level, trace debug info warn error")
 	printmessage := pflag.Bool("printmessage", false, "whether print message out")
+	printstats := pflag.Bool("printstats", false, "whether print topic stats")
 
 	pflag.Parse()
 	dialer := func() (net.Conn, error) {
@@ -34,6 +45,19 @@ func main() {
 	armlog.SetLevel(level)
 	armlog.SetOutput(os.Stdout)
 
+	if *printstats {
+		t := timer.NewTimer()
+		t.Add(10*time.Second, timer.WithCyclically(), timer.WithHandler(func(e *timer.Event) {
+			mtx.Lock()
+			defer mtx.Unlock()
+			if !updated {
+				return
+			}
+			misc.PrintMap(stats)
+			updated = false
+		}))
+	}
+
 	// get service
 	opt := []service.ServiceOption{service.OptionServiceLog(armlog.DefaultLog), service.OptionServiceName(*serviceName)}
 	if *topic != "" {
@@ -54,6 +78,16 @@ func main() {
 			fmt.Print(">>> ")
 			continue
 		}
+		mtx.Lock()
+		count, ok := stats[msg.Topic()]
+		if !ok {
+			stats[msg.Topic()] = 1
+		} else {
+			stats[msg.Topic()] = count + 1
+		}
+		updated = true
+		mtx.Unlock()
+
 		msg.Done()
 		if *printmessage {
 			value := msg.Data()