imgutils: add function to clear an image to black

Black isn't always just memset(ptr, 0, size). Limited YUV in particular
requires relatively non-obvious values, and filling a frame with
repeating 0 bytes is disallowed in some contexts. With component sizes
larger than 8 or packed YUV, this can become relatively complicated. So
having a generic function for this seems helpful.

In order to handle the complex cases in a generic way without destroying
performance, this code attempts to compute a black pixel, and then uses
that value to clear the image data quickly by using a function like
memset.

Common cases like yuv410p10 or rgba can't be handled with a simple
memset, so there is some code to fill memory with 2/4/8 byte patterns.
For the remaining cases, a generic slow fallback is used.

Signed-off-by: Anton Khirnov <anton@khirnov.net>

doc/APIchanges

@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ libavutil:     2017-03-23
 
 API changes, most recent first:
 
+2017-xx-xx - xxxxxxx - lavu 56.4.0 - imgutils.h
+  Add av_image_fill_black().
+
 2017-xx-xx - xxxxxxx - lavu 56.3.0 - frame.h
   Add av_frame_apply_cropping().