[Diffusion] Add C++ dpm solver (#714)

* Add BetaForAlphaBar, ConvertModelOutput, SetTimesteps, and constructor for DPMSolverMultistepScheduler * tmp * Add DPMSolverFirstOrderUpdate * Add ScaleModelInput * Add MultiStepDPMSolverSecondOrderUpdate * add MultiStepDPMSolverThirdOrderUpdate * Add Step * Add FASTDEPLOY_DECL * Add AddNoise * Fix operator * update * Fix DPMSolverMultistepScheduler * Upgrade Slice * Fix DPMSolverFirstOrderUpdate * remove FASTDEPLOY_DECL * Add config for dpm solver
2025-10-05 16:48:03 +08:00 · 2022-11-30 13:41:22 +08:00
parent 3f8ed9bfee
commit d95094cfe5
14 changed files with 675 additions and 11 deletions
--- a/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# Copyright (c) 2022 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+PROJECT(main C CXX)
+CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED (VERSION 3.10)
+
+option(FASTDEPLOY_INSTALL_DIR "Path of downloaded fastdeploy sdk.")
+set(THIRD_LIBS "")
+include(${FASTDEPLOY_INSTALL_DIR}/FastDeploy.cmake)
+
+include_directories(${FASTDEPLOY_INCS})
+
+file(GLOB_RECURSE ALL_SRCS ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/*.cc)
+
+add_executable(main ${ALL_SRCS})
+target_link_libraries(main ${FASTDEPLOY_LIBS} ${THIRD_LIBS})
--- a/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/dpm_solver_multistep_scheduler.cc
+++ b/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/dpm_solver_multistep_scheduler.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "dpm_solver_multistep_scheduler.h"
+#include "fastdeploy/core/fd_scalar.h"
+#include "fastdeploy/function/functions.h"
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <cmath>
+
+namespace fastdeploy {
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::BetaForAlphaBar(FDTensor* out,
+                                                  int num_diffusion_timesteps,
+                                                  float max_beta) {
+  auto alpha_bar = [](float time_step) -> float {
+    constexpr float pi = 3.14159265358979323846;
+    return std::pow(std::cos((time_step + 0.008) / 1.008 * pi / 2), 2);
+  };
+  std::vector<FDTensor> betas;
+  for (int i = 0; i < num_diffusion_timesteps; ++i) {
+    float t1 = i / num_diffusion_timesteps;
+    float t2 = (i + 1) / num_diffusion_timesteps;
+    float beta_val = (std::min)(1 - alpha_bar(t1) / alpha_bar(t2), max_beta);
+    betas.emplace_back(Scalar(beta_val));
+  }
+  function::Concat(betas, out);
+}
+
+DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::DPMSolverMultistepScheduler(
+    int num_train_timesteps, float beta_start, float beta_end,
+    const std::string& beta_schedule, const std::vector<float>& trained_betas,
+    int solver_order, bool predict_epsilon, bool thresholding,
+    float dynamic_thresholding_ratio, float sample_max_value,
+    const std::string& algorithm_type, const std::string& solver_type,
+    bool lower_order_final)
+    : config({num_train_timesteps, beta_start, beta_end, beta_schedule,
+              solver_order, predict_epsilon, thresholding,
+              dynamic_thresholding_ratio, sample_max_value, algorithm_type,
+              solver_type, lower_order_final}) {
+  int beta_size = trained_betas.size();
+  if (beta_size > 0) {
+    betas_.Allocate({beta_size}, FDDataType::FP32);
+    std::copy(trained_betas.data(), trained_betas.data() + beta_size,
+              reinterpret_cast<float*>(betas_.Data()));
+  } else if (beta_schedule == "linear") {
+    function::Linspace(beta_start, beta_end, num_train_timesteps, &betas_,
+                       FDDataType::FP32);
+  } else if (beta_schedule == "scaled_linear") {
+    function::Linspace(beta_start, beta_end, num_train_timesteps, &betas_,
+                       FDDataType::FP32);
+    betas_ = betas_ * betas_;
+  } else if (beta_schedule == "squaredcos_cap_v2") {
+    BetaForAlphaBar(&betas_, num_train_timesteps);
+  } else {
+    FDASSERT(false, "%s is not implemented for DPMSolverMultistepScheduler",
+             beta_schedule.c_str());
+  }
+
+  alphas_ = 1.0f - betas_;
+  function::Cumprod(alphas_, &alphas_cumprod_);
+  function::Sqrt(alphas_cumprod_, &alpha_t_);
+  function::Sqrt(1.0f - alphas_cumprod_, &sigma_t_);
+  FDTensor alpha_t_log, sigma_t_log;
+  function::Log(alpha_t_, &alpha_t_log);
+  function::Log(sigma_t_, &sigma_t_log);
+  lambda_t_ = alpha_t_log - sigma_t_log;
+
+  FDASSERT(config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver" ||
+               config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver++",
+           "%s does is not implemented for DPMSolverMultistepScheduler",
+           config.algorithm_type_.c_str());
+  FDASSERT(config.solver_type_ == "midpoint" || config.solver_type_ == "heun",
+           "%s does is not implemented for DPMSolverMultistepScheduler",
+           config.solver_type_.c_str());
+  num_inference_steps_ = -1;
+
+  function::Linspace(0, config.num_train_timesteps_ - 1,
+                     config.num_train_timesteps_, &timesteps_);
+  function::Cast(timesteps_, &timesteps_, FDDataType::INT64);
+  // Reverse timesteps
+  int64_t* timesteps_data = reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(timesteps_.Data());
+  std::reverse(timesteps_data, timesteps_data + timesteps_.Numel());
+
+  model_outputs_.resize(config.solver_order_);
+  lower_order_nums_ = 0;
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::ConvertModelOutput(
+    const FDTensor& model_output, int timestep, const FDTensor& sample,
+    FDTensor* out) {
+  if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver++") {
+    FDTensor x0_pred;
+    if (config.predict_epsilon_) {
+      FDTensor alpha_t, sigma_t;
+      function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {timestep}, &alpha_t);
+      function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {timestep}, &sigma_t);
+      x0_pred = (sample - sigma_t * model_output) / alpha_t;
+    } else {
+      x0_pred = model_output;
+    }
+    if (config.thresholding_) {
+      FDTensor dynamic_max_val, x0_pred_abs;
+      function::Abs(x0_pred, &x0_pred_abs);
+      x0_pred_abs.Reshape({x0_pred_abs.Shape()[0], -1});
+      function::Quantile(x0_pred_abs, {config.dynamic_thresholding_ratio_}, {1},
+                         &dynamic_max_val);
+
+      FDTensor max_value, dy_max_val;
+      function::FullLike(dynamic_max_val, config.sample_max_value_, &max_value,
+                         dynamic_max_val.Dtype());
+      function::Maximum(dynamic_max_val, max_value, &dy_max_val);
+      int expand_dims = x0_pred.Shape().size() - 1;
+      for (int i = 0; i < expand_dims; ++i) {
+        dy_max_val.ExpandDim(dy_max_val.Shape().size());
+      }
+      float clip_max = reinterpret_cast<float*>(dy_max_val.Data())[0];
+      function::Clip(x0_pred, -clip_max, clip_max, &x0_pred);
+      x0_pred = x0_pred / dy_max_val;
+    }
+    *out = std::move(x0_pred);
+  } else if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver") {
+    if (config.predict_epsilon_) {
+      *out = model_output;
+    } else {
+      FDTensor alpha_t, sigma_t;
+      function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {timestep}, &alpha_t);
+      function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {timestep}, &sigma_t);
+      *out = (sample - (alpha_t * model_output)) / sigma_t;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::DPMSolverFirstOrderUpdate(
+    const FDTensor& model_output, int timestep, int prev_timestep,
+    const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out) {
+  FDTensor lambda_t, lambda_s;
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {prev_timestep}, &lambda_t);
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {timestep}, &lambda_s);
+
+  FDTensor alpha_t, alpha_s;
+  function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {prev_timestep}, &alpha_t);
+  function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {timestep}, &alpha_s);
+
+  FDTensor sigma_t, sigma_s;
+  function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {prev_timestep}, &sigma_t);
+  function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {timestep}, &sigma_s);
+
+  FDTensor h = lambda_t - lambda_s;
+  if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver++") {
+    function::Exp(0.0f - h, &h);
+    *out = (sigma_t / sigma_s) * sample - (alpha_t * (h - 1.0f)) * model_output;
+  } else if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver") {
+    function::Exp(h, &h);
+    *out = (alpha_t / alpha_s) * sample - (sigma_t * (h - 1.0f)) * model_output;
+  }
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::MultiStepDPMSolverSecondOrderUpdate(
+    const std::vector<FDTensor>& model_output_list,
+    const std::vector<int>& timestep_list, int prev_timestep,
+    const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out) {
+  int timestep_size = timestep_list.size();
+  int model_output_size = model_output_list.size();
+  int t = prev_timestep;
+  int s0 = timestep_list[timestep_size - 1];
+  int s1 = timestep_list[timestep_size - 2];
+  const FDTensor& m0 = model_output_list[model_output_size - 1];
+  const FDTensor& m1 = model_output_list[model_output_size - 2];
+  FDTensor lambda_t, lambda_s0, lambda_s1;
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {t}, &lambda_t);
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {s0}, &lambda_s0);
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {s1}, &lambda_s1);
+
+  FDTensor alpha_t, alpha_s0, sigma_t, sigma_s0;
+  function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {t}, &alpha_t);
+  function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {s0}, &alpha_s0);
+  function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {t}, &sigma_t);
+  function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {s0}, &sigma_s0);
+
+  FDTensor h = lambda_t - lambda_s0;
+  FDTensor h0 = lambda_s0 - lambda_s1;
+  FDTensor r0 = h0 / h;
+  FDTensor D0 = m0;
+  FDTensor D1 = (1.0f / r0) * (m0 - m1);
+  if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver++") {
+    if (config.solver_type_ == "midpoint") {
+      function::Exp(0.0f - h, &h);
+      *out = (sigma_t / sigma_s0 * sample) - (alpha_t * (h - 1.0f) * D0) -
+             (0.5f * alpha_t * (h - 1.0f) * D1);
+    } else if (config.solver_type_ == "heun") {
+      FDTensor h_exp;
+      function::Exp(0.0f - h, &h_exp);
+      *out = (sigma_t / sigma_s0 * sample) - (alpha_t * (h_exp - 1.0f) * D0) +
+             (alpha_t * ((h_exp - 1.0f) / h + 1.0f) * D1);
+    }
+  } else if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver") {
+    FDTensor h_exp;
+    function::Exp(h, &h_exp);
+    if (config.solver_type_ == "midpoint") {
+      *out = alpha_t / alpha_s0 * sample - sigma_t * (h_exp - 1.0f) * D0 -
+             0.5 * (sigma_t * (h_exp - 1.0f) * D1);
+    } else if (config.solver_type_ == "heun") {
+      *out = alpha_t / alpha_s0 * sample - sigma_t * (h_exp - 1.0f) * D0 -
+             (sigma_t * ((h_exp - 1.0f) / h - 1.0f) * D1);
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::MultiStepDPMSolverThirdOrderUpdate(
+    const std::vector<FDTensor>& model_output_list,
+    const std::vector<int>& timestep_list, int prev_timestep,
+    const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out) {
+  int timestep_size = timestep_list.size();
+  int model_output_size = model_output_list.size();
+  int t = prev_timestep;
+
+  int s0 = timestep_list[timestep_size - 1];
+  int s1 = timestep_list[timestep_size - 2];
+  int s2 = timestep_list[timestep_size - 3];
+  const FDTensor& m0 = model_output_list[model_output_size - 1];
+  const FDTensor& m1 = model_output_list[model_output_size - 2];
+  const FDTensor& m2 = model_output_list[model_output_size - 3];
+
+  FDTensor lambda_t, lambda_s0, lambda_s1, lambda_s2;
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {t}, &lambda_t);
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {s0}, &lambda_s0);
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {s1}, &lambda_s1);
+  function::Slice(lambda_t_, {0}, {s2}, &lambda_s2);
+
+  FDTensor alpha_t, alpha_s0, sigma_t, sigma_s0;
+  function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {t}, &alpha_t);
+  function::Slice(alpha_t_, {0}, {s0}, &alpha_s0);
+  function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {t}, &sigma_t);
+  function::Slice(sigma_t_, {0}, {s0}, &sigma_s0);
+
+  FDTensor h = lambda_t - lambda_s0;
+  FDTensor h0 = lambda_s0 - lambda_s1;
+  FDTensor h1 = lambda_s1 - lambda_s2;
+
+  FDTensor r0 = h0 / h;
+  FDTensor r1 = h1 / h;
+  FDTensor D0 = m0;
+  FDTensor D1_0 = (1.0f / r0) * (m0 - m1);
+  FDTensor D1_1 = (1.0f / r1) * (m1 - m2);
+  FDTensor D1 = D1_0 + (r0 / (r0 + r1)) * (D1_0 - D1_1);
+  FDTensor D2 = (1.0f / (r0 + r1)) * (D1_0 - D1_1);
+
+  if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver++") {
+    FDTensor h_exp;
+    function::Exp(0.0f - h, &h_exp);
+    *out = (sigma_t / sigma_s0) * sample - (alpha_t * (h_exp - 1.0f)) * D0 +
+           (alpha_t * ((h_exp - 1.0) / h + 1.0)) * D1 -
+           (alpha_t * ((h_exp - 1.0 + h) / (h * h) - 0.5)) * D2;
+
+  } else if (config.algorithm_type_ == "dpmsolver") {
+    FDTensor h_exp;
+    function::Exp(h, &h_exp);
+    *out = (alpha_t / alpha_s0) * sample - (sigma_t * (h_exp - 1.0f)) * D0 +
+           (sigma_t * ((h_exp - 1.0) / h - 1.0)) * D1 -
+           (sigma_t * ((h_exp - 1.0 - h) / (h * h) - 0.5)) * D2;
+  }
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::ScaleModelInput(
+    const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out,
+    const std::vector<FDTensor>& timesteps) {
+  *out = sample;
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::SetTimesteps(int num_inference_steps) {
+  num_inference_steps_ = num_inference_steps;
+  function::Linspace(0, config.num_train_timesteps_ - 1,
+                     num_inference_steps + 1, &timesteps_);
+  function::Round(timesteps_, &timesteps_);
+  // Reverse timesteps
+  float* timesteps_data = reinterpret_cast<float*>(timesteps_.Data());
+  std::reverse(timesteps_data, timesteps_data + timesteps_.Numel());
+  FDTensor timestep_tmp;
+  timestep_tmp.Allocate({num_inference_steps}, timesteps_.Dtype());
+  float* timestep_tmp_data = reinterpret_cast<float*>(timestep_tmp.Data());
+  std::copy(timesteps_data, timesteps_data + num_inference_steps,
+            timestep_tmp_data);
+  timesteps_ = std::move(timestep_tmp);
+
+  function::Cast(timesteps_, &timesteps_, FDDataType::INT64);
+
+  model_outputs_.clear();
+  model_outputs_.resize(config.solver_order_);
+
+  lower_order_nums_ = 0;
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::Step(const FDTensor& model_output,
+                                       int timestep, const FDTensor& sample,
+                                       FDTensor* prev_sample) {
+  FDASSERT(num_inference_steps_ > -1,
+           "Number of inference steps is -1, you need to run SetTimesteps "
+           "after creating the scheduler");
+  int64_t step_index = timesteps_.Numel() - 1;
+  int64_t* timesteps_data = reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(timesteps_.Data());
+  int64_t* timesteps_iter =
+      std::find(timesteps_data, timesteps_data + timesteps_.Numel(), timestep);
+  if (timesteps_iter - timesteps_data < timesteps_.Numel()) {
+    step_index = timesteps_iter - timesteps_data;
+  }
+
+  int64_t prev_timestep = 0;
+  if (step_index != timesteps_.Numel() - 1) {
+    prev_timestep = timesteps_data[step_index + 1];
+  }
+  bool lower_order_final = (step_index == timesteps_.Numel() - 1) &&
+                           config.lower_order_final_ &&
+                           (timesteps_.Numel() < 15);
+  bool lower_order_second = (step_index == timesteps_.Numel() - 2) &&
+                            config.lower_order_final_ &&
+                            (timesteps_.Numel() < 15);
+  FDTensor model_out;
+  ConvertModelOutput(model_output, timestep, sample, &model_out);
+  for (int i = 0; i < config.solver_order_ - 1; ++i) {
+    model_outputs_[i] = std::move(model_outputs_[i + 1]);
+  }
+  model_outputs_[config.solver_order_ - 1] = std::move(model_out);
+
+  if (config.solver_order_ == 1 || lower_order_nums_ < 1 || lower_order_final) {
+    DPMSolverFirstOrderUpdate(model_outputs_[config.solver_order_ - 1],
+                              timestep, prev_timestep, sample, prev_sample);
+  } else if (config.solver_order_ == 2 || lower_order_nums_ < 2 ||
+             lower_order_second) {
+    int t0 = reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(timesteps_.Data())[step_index - 1];
+    std::vector<int> timestep_list = {t0, timestep};
+    MultiStepDPMSolverSecondOrderUpdate(model_outputs_, timestep_list,
+                                        prev_timestep, sample, prev_sample);
+  } else {
+    int t0 = reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(timesteps_.Data())[step_index - 1];
+    int t1 = reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(timesteps_.Data())[step_index - 2];
+    std::vector<int> timestep_list = {t1, t0, timestep};
+    MultiStepDPMSolverThirdOrderUpdate(model_outputs_, timestep_list,
+                                       prev_timestep, sample, prev_sample);
+  }
+
+  if (lower_order_nums_ < config.solver_order_) {
+    lower_order_nums_ += 1;
+  }
+}
+
+void DPMSolverMultistepScheduler::AddNoise(const FDTensor& original_samples,
+                                           const FDTensor& noise,
+                                           const FDTensor& timesteps,
+                                           FDTensor* out) {
+  function::Cast(alphas_cumprod_, &alphas_cumprod_, original_samples.Dtype());
+
+  const int64_t* timesteps_data =
+      reinterpret_cast<const int64_t*>(timesteps.Data());
+  std::vector<int64_t> timesteps_vec;
+  for (int i = 0; i < timesteps.Numel(); ++i) {
+    timesteps_vec.push_back(timesteps_data[i]);
+  }
+  FDTensor sqrt_alpha_prod;
+  function::Slice(alphas_cumprod_, {0}, timesteps_vec, &sqrt_alpha_prod);
+  function::Sqrt(sqrt_alpha_prod, &sqrt_alpha_prod);
+  sqrt_alpha_prod.Reshape({-1});
+  int rank_diff =
+      original_samples.Shape().size() - sqrt_alpha_prod.Shape().size();
+  for (int i = 0; i < rank_diff; ++i) {
+    int curr_rank = sqrt_alpha_prod.Shape().size();
+    sqrt_alpha_prod.ExpandDim(curr_rank - 1);
+  }
+
+  FDTensor sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod;
+  function::Slice(alphas_cumprod_, {0}, timesteps_vec,
+                  &sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod);
+  sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod = 1.0f - sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod;
+  function::Sqrt(sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod, &sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod);
+  sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.Reshape({-1});
+  rank_diff = original_samples.Shape().size() -
+              sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.Shape().size();
+  for (int i = 0; i < rank_diff; ++i) {
+    int curr_rank = sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.Shape().size();
+    sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod.ExpandDim(curr_rank - 1);
+  }
+  *out = sqrt_alpha_prod * original_samples + sqrt_one_minus_alpha_prod * noise;
+}
+
+}  // namespace fastdeploy
--- a/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/dpm_solver_multistep_scheduler.h
+++ b/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/dpm_solver_multistep_scheduler.h
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "./scheduler.h"
+#include "fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.h"
+
+namespace fastdeploy {
+
+class DPMSolverMultistepScheduler : public Scheduler {
+ public:
+  DPMSolverMultistepScheduler(int num_train_timesteps = 1000,
+                              float beta_start = 0.0001, float beta_end = 0.02,
+                              const std::string& beta_schedule = "linear",
+                              const std::vector<float>& trained_betas = {},
+                              int solver_order = 2, bool predict_epsilon = true,
+                              bool thresholding = false,
+                              float dynamic_thresholding_ratio = 0.995,
+                              float sample_max_value = 1.0,
+                              const std::string& algorithm_type = "dpmsolver++",
+                              const std::string& solver_type = "midpoint",
+                              bool lower_order_final = true);
+  void BetaForAlphaBar(FDTensor* out, int num_diffusion_timesteps,
+                       float max_beta = 0.999);
+  void ConvertModelOutput(const FDTensor& model_output, int timestep,
+                          const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out);
+  void DPMSolverFirstOrderUpdate(const FDTensor& model_output, int timestep,
+                                 int prev_timestep, const FDTensor& sample,
+                                 FDTensor* out);
+  void MultiStepDPMSolverSecondOrderUpdate(
+      const std::vector<FDTensor>& model_output_list,
+      const std::vector<int>& timestep_list, int prev_timestep,
+      const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out);
+  void MultiStepDPMSolverThirdOrderUpdate(
+      const std::vector<FDTensor>& model_output_list,
+      const std::vector<int>& timestep_list, int prev_timestep,
+      const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out);
+  void SetTimesteps(int num_inference_steps) override;
+  void Step(const FDTensor& model_output, int timestep, const FDTensor& sample,
+            FDTensor* prev_sample) override;
+  void ScaleModelInput(const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out,
+                       const std::vector<FDTensor>& timesteps = {}) override;
+  void AddNoise(const FDTensor& original_samples, const FDTensor& noise,
+                const FDTensor& timesteps, FDTensor* out) override;
+  struct Config {
+    int num_train_timesteps_;
+    float beta_start_;
+    float beta_end_;
+    std::string beta_schedule_;
+    int solver_order_;
+    bool predict_epsilon_;
+    bool thresholding_;
+    float dynamic_thresholding_ratio_;
+    float sample_max_value_;
+    std::string algorithm_type_;
+    std::string solver_type_;
+    bool lower_order_final_;
+  } config;
+
+ private:
+  FDTensor betas_;
+  FDTensor alphas_;
+  FDTensor alphas_cumprod_;
+  FDTensor alpha_t_;
+  FDTensor sigma_t_;
+  FDTensor lambda_t_;
+  int num_inference_steps_;
+  FDTensor timesteps_;
+  int lower_order_nums_;
+  std::vector<FDTensor> model_outputs_;
+};
+
+}  // namespace fastdeploy
--- a/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/main.cc
+++ b/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/main.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#include "dpm_solver_multistep_scheduler.h"
+#include <iostream>
+
+int main() {
+  fastdeploy::DPMSolverMultistepScheduler dpm(
+      /* num_train_timesteps */ 1000,
+      /* beta_start = */ 0.00085,
+      /* beta_end = */ 0.012,
+      /* beta_schedule = */ "scaled_linear",
+      /* trained_betas = */ {},
+      /* solver_order = */ 2,
+      /* predict_epsilon = */ true,
+      /* thresholding = */ false,
+      /* dynamic_thresholding_ratio = */ 0.995,
+      /* sample_max_value = */ 1.0,
+      /* algorithm_type = */ "dpmsolver++",
+      /* solver_type = */ "midpoint",
+      /* lower_order_final = */ true);
+
+  return 0;
+}
--- a/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/scheduler.h
+++ b/examples/multimodal/stable_diffusion/cpp/scheduler.h
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+// Copyright (c) 2022 PaddlePaddle Authors. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+#pragma once
+
+#include "fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.h"
+
+namespace fastdeploy {
+
+class Scheduler {
+  virtual void SetTimesteps(int num_inference_steps) = 0;
+  virtual void Step(const FDTensor& model_output, int timestep,
+                    const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* prev_sample) = 0;
+  virtual void ScaleModelInput(const FDTensor& sample, FDTensor* out,
+                               const std::vector<FDTensor>& timesteps = {}) = 0;
+  virtual void AddNoise(const FDTensor& original_samples, const FDTensor& noise,
+                        const FDTensor& timesteps, FDTensor* out) = 0;
+};
+
+}  // namespace fastdeploy
--- a/fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.cc
+++ b/fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.cc
@@ -12,7 +12,6 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.
 #include "fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.h"
-#include "fastdeploy/core/fd_scalar.h"
 #include "fastdeploy/core/float16.h"
 #include "fastdeploy/utils/utils.h"

@@ -81,8 +80,7 @@ const void* FDTensor::CpuData() const {

 void FDTensor::SetExternalData(const std::vector<int64_t>& new_shape,
                               const FDDataType& data_type, void* data_buffer,
-                               const Device& new_device,
-                               int new_device_id) {
+                               const Device& new_device, int new_device_id) {
  dtype = data_type;
  shape.assign(new_shape.begin(), new_shape.end());
  external_data_ptr = data_buffer;
--- a/fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.h
+++ b/fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.h
@@ -19,12 +19,11 @@
 #include <vector>

 #include "fastdeploy/core/allocate.h"
+#include "fastdeploy/core/fd_scalar.h"
 #include "fastdeploy/core/fd_type.h"

 namespace fastdeploy {

-struct Scalar;
-
 struct FASTDEPLOY_DECL FDTensor {
  // std::vector<int8_t> data;
  void* buffer_ = nullptr;
--- a/fastdeploy/function/clip.cc
+++ b/fastdeploy/function/clip.cc
@@ -39,14 +39,15 @@ void ClipKernel(const FDTensor& x, double min, double max, FDTensor* out) {
           "max should be greater than or equal to min. But received min = %f, "
           "max = %f",
           static_cast<float>(min_), static_cast<float>(max_));
-
-  out->Allocate(x.Shape(), x.Dtype());
+  FDTensor tmp;
+  tmp.Allocate(x.Shape(), x.Dtype());
  const T* x_data = reinterpret_cast<const T*>(x.Data());

  int64_t numel = x.Numel();
-  T* out_data = reinterpret_cast<T*>(out->Data());
+  T* out_data = reinterpret_cast<T*>(tmp.Data());

  std::transform(x_data, x_data + numel, out_data, ClipFunctor<T>(min_, max_));
+  *out = std::move(tmp);
 }

 void Clip(const FDTensor& x, double min, double max, FDTensor* out) {
--- a/fastdeploy/function/elementwise.cc
+++ b/fastdeploy/function/elementwise.cc
@@ -86,4 +86,25 @@ FDTensor operator/(const FDTensor& x, const FDTensor& y) {
  return out;
 }

+#define INSTANTIATE_OPERATOR(operation_type)                                   \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(const FDTensor& x, bool y);        \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(const FDTensor& x, uint8_t y);     \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(const FDTensor& x, int16_t y);     \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(const FDTensor& x, int y);         \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(const FDTensor& x, int64_t y);     \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(const FDTensor& x, float y);       \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(const FDTensor& x, double y);      \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(bool x, const FDTensor& y);        \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(uint8_t x, const FDTensor& y);     \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(int16_t x, const FDTensor& y);     \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(int x, const FDTensor& y);         \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(int64_t x, const FDTensor& y);     \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(float x, const FDTensor& y);       \
+  template FDTensor operator operation_type(double x, const FDTensor& y)
+
+INSTANTIATE_OPERATOR(+);
+INSTANTIATE_OPERATOR(-);
+INSTANTIATE_OPERATOR(*);
+INSTANTIATE_OPERATOR(/);
+
 }  // namespace fastdeploy
--- a/fastdeploy/function/elementwise.h
+++ b/fastdeploy/function/elementwise.h
@@ -14,9 +14,11 @@

 #pragma once

+#include "fastdeploy/core/fd_scalar.h"
 #include "fastdeploy/core/fd_tensor.h"

 namespace fastdeploy {
+
 namespace function {

 /** Excute the add operation for input FDTensors. *out = x + y.
@@ -62,10 +64,42 @@ FASTDEPLOY_DECL void Maximum(const FDTensor& x, const FDTensor& y,

 FASTDEPLOY_DECL FDTensor operator+(const FDTensor& x, const FDTensor& y);

+template <typename T> FDTensor operator+(const FDTensor& x, T y) {
+  return x + FDTensor(Scalar(y));
+}
+
+template <typename T> FDTensor operator+(T x, const FDTensor& y) {
+  return FDTensor(Scalar(x)) + y;
+}
+
 FASTDEPLOY_DECL FDTensor operator-(const FDTensor& x, const FDTensor& y);

+template <typename T> FDTensor operator-(const FDTensor& x, T y) {
+  return x - FDTensor(Scalar(y));
+}
+
+template <typename T> FDTensor operator-(T x, const FDTensor& y) {
+  return FDTensor(Scalar(x)) - y;
+}
+
 FASTDEPLOY_DECL FDTensor operator*(const FDTensor& x, const FDTensor& y);

+template <typename T> FDTensor operator*(const FDTensor& x, T y) {
+  return x * FDTensor(Scalar(y));
+}
+
+template <typename T> FDTensor operator*(T x, const FDTensor& y) {
+  return FDTensor(Scalar(x)) * y;
+}
+
 FASTDEPLOY_DECL FDTensor operator/(const FDTensor& x, const FDTensor& y);

+template <typename T> FDTensor operator/(const FDTensor& x, T y) {
+  return x / FDTensor(Scalar(y));
+}
+
+template <typename T> FDTensor operator/(T x, const FDTensor& y) {
+  return FDTensor(Scalar(x)) / y;
+}
+
 }  // namespace fastdeploy
--- a/fastdeploy/function/elementwise_base.h
+++ b/fastdeploy/function/elementwise_base.h
@@ -213,10 +213,12 @@ void CommonElementwiseBroadcastForward(const FDTensor& x, const FDTensor& y,
  GetBroadcastDimsArrays(x_dims, y_dims, x_dims_array.data(),
                         y_dims_array.data(), out_dims_array.data(), max_dim,
                         axis);
-  z->Allocate(out_dims_array, TypeToDataType<OutType>::dtype);
+  FDTensor tmp;
+  tmp.Allocate(out_dims_array, TypeToDataType<OutType>::dtype);
  CommonForwardBroadcastCPU<Functor, T, OutType>(
-      x, y, z, x_dims_array.data(), y_dims_array.data(), out_dims_array.data(),
-      max_dim, func, is_xsize_larger);
+      x, y, &tmp, x_dims_array.data(), y_dims_array.data(),
+      out_dims_array.data(), max_dim, func, is_xsize_larger);
+  *z = std::move(tmp);
 }

 template <typename Functor, typename T, typename OutType = T>
--- a/fastdeploy/function/slice.cc
+++ b/fastdeploy/function/slice.cc
@@ -163,5 +163,20 @@ void Slice(const FDTensor& x, const std::vector<int64_t>& axes,
      }));
 }

+void Slice(const FDTensor& x, const std::vector<int64_t>& axes,
+           const std::vector<int64_t>& index, FDTensor* out) {
+  std::vector<int64_t> ends = index;
+  for (int i = 0; i < ends.size(); ++i) {
+    ends[i] += 1;
+  }
+  Slice(x, axes, index, ends, out);
+  for (int i = 0; i < axes.size(); ++i) {
+    if (out->Shape().size() <= 1) {
+      break;
+    }
+    out->Squeeze(axes[i]);
+  }
+}
+
 }  // namespace function
 }  // namespace fastdeploy
--- a/fastdeploy/function/slice.h
+++ b/fastdeploy/function/slice.h
@@ -37,5 +37,8 @@ FASTDEPLOY_DECL void Slice(const FDTensor& x, const std::vector<int64_t>& axes,
                           const std::vector<int64_t>& starts,
                           const std::vector<int64_t>& ends, FDTensor* out);

+FASTDEPLOY_DECL void Slice(const FDTensor& x, const std::vector<int64_t>& axes,
+                           const std::vector<int64_t>& index, FDTensor* out);
+
 }  // namespace function
 }  // namespace fastdeploy
--- a/tests/function/test_elementwise.cc
+++ b/tests/function/test_elementwise.cc
@@ -164,6 +164,15 @@ TEST(fastdeploy, check_same_dim) {
  check_shape(z.shape, {2, 3, 4});
  check_data(reinterpret_cast<const float*>(z.Data()), maximum_result.data(),
             maximum_result.size());
+
+  x = 1.0f - x;
+  sub_result = {0.157138, 0.353809, 0.862595, 0.885693, 0.340074, 0.464184,
+                0.257084, 0.154395, 0.787718, 0.700299, 0.137829, 0.591059,
+                0.873153, 0.843381, 0.571159, 0.152347, 0.754137, 0.330954,
+                0.121117, 0.323741, 0.333547, 0.67477,  0.586061, 0.165859};
+  check_shape(x.shape, {2, 3, 4});
+  check_data(reinterpret_cast<const float*>(x.Data()), sub_result.data(),
+             sub_result.size());
 }

 TEST(fastdeploy, check_broadcast_dim1) {
@@ -498,6 +507,15 @@ TEST(fastdeploy, mixed_operation) {
  check_shape(output.shape, {2, 3, 4});
  check_data(reinterpret_cast<const float*>(output.Data()), result.data(),
             result.size());
+
+  result = {2.854443,  1.87709,   1.585621,  1.012709,  0.332781,  0.998346,
+            0.228024,  2.140475,  0.246941,  0.301517,  1.575438,  0.595582,
+            -0.410393, -0.163718, -0.405571, 0.58563,   -0.177035, 0.263035,
+            0.075725,  0.591098,  0.156365,  -0.106078, -0.475957, 0.626429};
+  output = a + b * c / d - e;
+  check_shape(output.shape, {2, 3, 4});
+  check_data(reinterpret_cast<const float*>(output.Data()), result.data(),
+             result.size());
 }

 }  // namespace function